Nursing Elites

1. What is a suitable nutritional goal for a preschool-aged child?

• A. Minimize messiness and spills.
• B. Introduce new foods gradually and provide variety.
• C. Finish all the food on the plate.
• D. Allow the child to eat only preferred foods.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Introducing new foods gradually and offering a variety of options is a suitable nutritional goal for preschool-aged children as it helps in providing essential nutrients and expanding their palate. Choice A is incorrect as reducing messiness and spills is more related to behavior than nutrition. Choice C is incorrect as forcing a child to finish all the food on the plate may override their natural hunger and fullness cues. Choice D is incorrect as allowing a child to eat only preferred foods may lead to an imbalanced diet lacking in essential nutrients.

2. Picking up a pencil demonstrates the ability to use which of the following?

• A. Pincer grasp
• B. Prehension
• C. Parachute reflex
• D. Grasp reflex

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Picking up a pencil requires the use of the pincer grasp, which involves the coordination of the thumb and forefinger to hold small objects. The pincer grasp is a fine motor skill essential for tasks that necessitate precision and dexterity. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Prehension refers to the act of grasping or holding an object, parachute reflex is a protective response to sudden movement or loss of support, and grasp reflex is an automatic closing of the hand when an object is placed in the palm, none of which specifically relate to the action of picking up a pencil.

3. What is the priority assessment for a nurse when caring for an infant suspected of having necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)?

• A. Hold feedings.
• B. Check gastric residuals before feedings.
• C. Take rectal temperature.
• D. Closely monitor abdominal distention.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Closely monitor abdominal distention. Monitoring the abdomen for signs of distention is crucial in the early detection of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In NEC, the bowel wall is edematous and breaking down, leading to abdominal distention. Holding feedings is important in the management of NEC, as feedings may need to be stopped temporarily. Checking gastric residuals before feedings helps in assessing the infant's tolerance to feedings. Taking rectal temperatures is contraindicated in NEC as it can lead to the perforation of the bowel.

4. The parent of an 8.2-kg (18-lb) 9-month-old infant is borrowing a federally approved car seat from the clinic. The nurse should explain that the safest way to put in the car seat is what?

• A. Front facing in back seat
• B. Rear facing in back seat
• C. Front facing in front seat with air bag on passenger side
• D. Rear facing in front seat if an air bag is on the passenger side

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Infants should be placed rear-facing in the back seat until they are at least 2 years old or exceed the weight/height limit of their car seat for optimal safety.

5. The nurse is teaching parents about the effects of media on childhood obesity. The nurse realizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statements? (Select all that apply.)

• A. Advertising of unhealthy food can increase snacking
• B. Increased screen time may be related to unhealthy sleep
• C. There is a link between the amount of screen time and obesity
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Increased screen time is associated with unhealthy habits, such as poor sleep and snacking, which contribute to obesity, but it does not necessarily improve nutrition knowledge.

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