ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children Final ATI
1. What is an important intervention in providing a neutral thermal environment for an LBW infant in an incubator?
- A. Use wool blankets.
- B. Avoid using disposable diapers.
- C. Prevent heat loss.
- D. Closely monitor both incubator and rectal temperatures.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Preventing heat loss in a low birth weight (LBW) infant is crucial in maintaining a neutral thermal environment. The use of cotton blankets is recommended over wool blankets. Avoiding disposable diapers is not directly related to maintaining a neutral thermal environment. While monitoring temperatures is important, the key intervention is preventing heat loss to ensure the infant's survival.
2. The Asian parent of a child being seen in the clinic avoids eye contact with the nurse. What is the best explanation for this considering cultural differences?
- A. The parent feels inferior to the nurse
- B. The parent is showing respect for the nurse
- C. The parent is embarrassed to seek health care
- D. The parent feels responsible for her child's illness
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In many Asian cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially towards authority figures such as healthcare providers.
3. Which laboratory value at the time of diagnosis should the nurse anticipate would determine the worst prognosis for a child with leukemia?
- A. Slow response to chemotherapy
- B. Platelets of 150,000/mcL
- C. Leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL
- D. Leukocytes of 275,000/mcL
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A high white blood cell count (leukocytes of 275,000/mcL) at diagnosis is associated with a worse prognosis in leukemia because it indicates a more aggressive disease with a higher tumor burden. Slow response to chemotherapy (choice A) is a consequence of the aggressive disease and not a determining factor at diagnosis. Platelets of 150,000/mcL (choice B) and leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL (choice C) are within normal ranges and not indicative of a worse prognosis in leukemia.
4. At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?
- A. 4 months
- B. 6 months
- C. 8 months
- D. 12 months
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Most infants can sit steadily without support by 8 months, indicating advanced gross motor skill development.
5. The nurse is assessing a 3-day-old breastfed newborn who weighed 3400 g (7 pounds, 8 oz) at birth. The infant’s mother is now concerned because the infant weighs 3147 g (6 pounds, 15 oz). The most appropriate nursing intervention is what?
- A. Recommend supplemental feedings of formula.
- B. Explain that this weight loss is within normal limits.
- C. Assess the child further to determine the cause of excessive weight loss.
- D. Encourage the mother to express breast milk for bottle-feeding the infant.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A neonate normally loses about 10% of the birth weight by age 3 to 4 days. The birth weight is usually regained by the 10th day of life. In this case, the weight loss from 3400 g to 3147 g is within the expected range. Therefore, the most appropriate action is to explain to the mother that this weight loss is within normal limits. Choice A is incorrect because supplemental feedings of formula are not indicated for this expected weight loss in a breastfed newborn. Choice C is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest excessive weight loss at this point. Choice D is unnecessary at this stage and may not align with the current situation of normal weight loss post-birth.
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