Nursing Elites

1. What is a primary goal when managing a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?

• A. Encourage the client to engage in regular physical exercise
• B. Help the client avoid anxiety triggers through behavioral therapy
• C. Encourage the client to express feelings openly
• D. Teach relaxation techniques to help manage anxiety

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When managing a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), a primary goal is to teach relaxation techniques to help manage anxiety. Relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness can be effective in reducing anxiety symptoms. Encouraging the client to engage in regular physical exercise (Choice A) can be beneficial but teaching relaxation techniques is more specific to managing anxiety. Avoiding anxiety triggers through behavioral therapy (Choice B) may be part of the treatment plan but teaching relaxation techniques is more directly aimed at managing anxiety. While encouraging the client to express feelings openly (Choice C) can be important for overall emotional well-being, teaching relaxation techniques is more focused on addressing the symptoms of anxiety.

2. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being cared for by a nurse. What is the most appropriate action to improve the patient's oxygenation?

• A. Encourage the patient to use incentive spirometry.
• B. Administer oxygen via nasal cannula as prescribed.
• C. Assist the patient with coughing and deep breathing exercises.
• D. Position the patient in a high Fowler's position.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering oxygen via nasal cannula as prescribed is the most appropriate action to improve the patient's oxygenation in COPD. Oxygen therapy helps maintain adequate oxygen levels in the blood, which is crucial for managing COPD. Encouraging the use of incentive spirometry, assisting with coughing and deep breathing exercises, and positioning the patient in high Fowler's position are all beneficial interventions, but administering oxygen is the priority for immediate oxygenation support in COPD.

3. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client following a myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following activities should the client avoid?

• A. Swimming in a pool
• B. Driving a car
• C. Light housework
• D. Walking on flat ground

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Driving a car. Driving a car can be physically and emotionally taxing, increasing the risk of complications soon after a myocardial infarction. It requires quick reflexes and decision-making abilities, which may be impaired during the recovery period. Swimming in a pool, light housework, and walking on flat ground are generally safe and beneficial activities for clients following a myocardial infarction as they promote circulation, muscle strength, and overall well-being.

4. What is an expected finding during the assessment of a client transitioning into a new role?

• A. The client's ability to express feelings of guilt
• B. Presence of suicidal or homicidal ideation
• C. Changes in coping skills over the past few weeks
• D. Client's involvement in community activities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: During a client's transition into a new role, the presence of suicidal or homicidal ideation should be assessed due to the increased risk associated with significant life changes. This finding could indicate a need for immediate intervention. While assessing the client's ability to express feelings of guilt is important, it may not be the most critical aspect during this specific assessment. Changes in coping skills over time are relevant but might not be the primary focus during a role transition assessment. The client's involvement in community activities, although beneficial for social support, is not directly related to the immediate concerns of assessing a client transitioning into a new role.

5. A newly licensed nurse is giving a change-of-shift report using I-SBAR to an oncoming nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse should be included in the 'Background' portion of the report?

• A. The client has a new prescription for incentive spirometry
• B. The client's partner plans to return later today
• C. The client has no living family members
• D. I initiated a consultation with a nutritionist

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the 'Background' portion of the report, the nurse should include relevant historical information about the client, such as the fact that the client has no living family members. This information helps provide a more comprehensive understanding of the client's situation. Choices A, B, and D are not typically included in the 'Background' section as they do not pertain to the client's history or background.

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