Nursing Elites

1. What intervention would be most appropriate for a patient who has difficulty eating because of chewing problems?

• A. Use squeeze bottles to pour liquids into the mouth
• B. Provide utensils that have modified handles
• C. Offer plates with food guards
• D. Provide soft foods

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Providing soft foods is crucial for patients with chewing difficulties to ensure they can consume adequate nutrition without discomfort.

2. When is infertility said to exist?

• A. When a woman has no uterus
• B. When a woman has no children
• C. When a couple has been trying to conceive for 1 year without success
• D. When a couple has desired a child for 6 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Infertility is defined as not being able to get pregnant despite having frequent, unprotected sex for at least a year for most couples. Therefore, the correct answer is C. A, B, and D are incorrect. While having no uterus (choice A) may result in infertility, it is not the sole determining factor. Similarly, not having children (choice B) does not automatically indicate infertility. Lastly, the time frame of 6 months (choice D) is not sufficient to determine infertility; typically, a year of trying without success is required for such a diagnosis.

3. A Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) program would address which element of food service?

• A. cleaning and disinfecting of utensils
• B. developing healthy menus
• C. controlling patient calorie intake
• D. prescribing diets for patients with swallowing problems

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) programs are designed to ensure food safety by identifying and controlling potential hazards. This includes addressing the cleaning and disinfecting of utensils to prevent contamination and maintain safe food handling practices. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because HACCP primarily focuses on preventing food safety hazards rather than developing menus, controlling calorie intake, or prescribing diets for specific medical conditions.

4. How many calories does one pound of fat equal?

• A. 1500 calories
• B. 2500 calories
• C. 3500 calories
• D. 5000 calories

Correct answer: C

Rationale: One pound of body fat is equivalent to approximately 3500 calories. This is a generally accepted caloric value used in nutrition and weight management. It's important to note that this is an estimation and individual variations may occur. Choice A (1500 calories), Choice B (2500 calories), and Choice D (5000 calories) are incorrect because they do not match the generally accepted caloric value of 3500 calories for one pound of body fat.

5. Which organ absorbs water and vitamin K and may be affected by ulcerative colitis?

• A. Stomach
• B. Pancreas
• C. Large intestine
• D. Small intestine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The large intestine is the organ that is primarily responsible for the absorption of water and vitamin K in the human body. A disease like ulcerative colitis can disrupt these functions by causing inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine, leading to digestive issues. The stomach (Choice A) primarily functions to break down and digest food, not to absorb water and vitamins. The pancreas (Choice B) secretes enzymes to aid in digestion and hormones to regulate blood sugar, but does not absorb water and vitamins. The small intestine (Choice D) is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients from digested food, but not specifically water and vitamin K. Therefore, these other choices are incorrect.

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