urinary excretion of the breakdown products of catecholamines especially vanillylmandelic acid vma and homovanillic acid hva are detected in which typ
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A

1. In which type of cancer are the urinary excretion of the breakdown products of catecholamines, especially vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA), detected?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma, a cancer that arises from nerve tissue, is associated with increased levels of catecholamine metabolites, including VMA and HVA, in the urine. Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor) is a type of kidney cancer and is not typically associated with elevated levels of catecholamine breakdown products. Leukemia is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow and does not lead to increased VMA and HVA excretion in urine. Osteosarcoma is a bone cancer and is not linked to elevated levels of catecholamine metabolites in the urine.

2. A nurse is carrying on a conversation with a 7-year-old child during an office visit. Which is an example of the level of language development the nurse should expect in this child?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Understanding time concepts like 'half past' can be challenging for a 7-year-old, indicating the level of language development. Choice A is incorrect as fascination with bathroom language is common in this age group but not necessarily indicative of language development. Choice C is incorrect as a 7-year-old typically cannot carry on an adult conversation due to cognitive and experiential limitations. Choice D is incorrect as by the age of 7, children should be able to speak in full sentences.

3. You are providing a home health care assessment for a very low-income mother with three young children under 5 who all appear to be at nutritional risk. Which program would you refer them to in an attempt to reduce the risk and safeguard the health of this family?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). WIC provides nutritional assistance to low-income pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and children under 5. The Division of Maternal and Child Health (Choice A) focuses on promoting the health of mothers and children but does not provide direct nutritional assistance. Medicaid (Choice B) is a health insurance program for low-income individuals but does not specifically address nutritional needs. The State Children’s Health Insurance Program (Choice D) provides health insurance for children in low-income families but does not offer nutritional support like WIC does.

4. Identification and treatment of cryptorchid testes should be done by age 2 years. What is an important consideration?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Early treatment of cryptorchidism is essential to preserve fertility and prevent complications such as testicular cancer. Surgery is usually well-tolerated, and sexual reassignment is not typically related to this condition.

5. A 7-year-old has been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. Chest physiotherapy has been ordered. What information should the nurse give to the parents regarding when chest physiotherapy is done?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Before meals'. Chest physiotherapy should be performed before meals to reduce the risk of vomiting and to ensure that the airways are clear for effective nutrition. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because chest physiotherapy is ideally done before meals to optimize its benefits and avoid complications associated with timing.

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