this is a medication that relaxes the muscles around the airways making it easier to breathe
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Cardiovascular System Practice Exam

1. Which medication relaxes the muscles around the airways, making it easier to breathe?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Bronchodilator. Bronchodilators are medications that relax the muscles surrounding the airways, which helps to open them and makes breathing easier. Corticosteroids (choice B) work by reducing inflammation, antihistamines (choice C) are used to manage allergies, and mucolytics (choice D) help to break down and thin mucus in the airways.

2. What is a condition where the heart's electrical impulses are delayed or blocked, leading to a slower or irregular heartbeat?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Heart block is the correct answer because it specifically refers to a condition where the heart's electrical impulses are delayed or blocked, resulting in a slower or irregular heartbeat. Tachycardia (choice B) is a condition characterized by a fast heart rate, Bradycardia (choice C) is a slow heart rate, and Arrhythmia (choice D) is a general term used to describe any abnormal heart rhythm, which may or may not involve delays or blocks in electrical impulses.

3. The client is on dobutamine. Adverse effects of Dobutrex (dobutamine) include the following: Select all that apply.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tachycardia. Dobutamine is a medication that primarily increases heart rate (tachycardia) and blood pressure. Therefore, the adverse effects of dobutamine include tachycardia. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Heart failure is not an adverse effect of dobutamine; in fact, it is used to treat heart failure by increasing heart contractility. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not an expected adverse effect of dobutamine, as it usually increases heart rate. Respiratory distress is not a common adverse effect of dobutamine.

4. What is this surgical procedure that restores blood flow to the heart by diverting blood around a blocked artery?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), which is a surgical procedure to improve blood flow to the heart by redirecting blood around blocked or narrowed arteries. This procedure is specifically designed to bypass blocked coronary arteries, allowing blood to flow more freely to the heart muscle. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because angioplasty involves opening up narrowed or blocked blood vessels, stent placement involves inserting a mesh tube to keep arteries open, and valve replacement involves replacing a damaged heart valve - none of which directly address diverting blood flow around a blocked artery.

5. Which type of medication is used to reduce the workload on the heart by slowing down the heart rate and lowering blood pressure?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Beta-blocker. Beta-blockers are medications that reduce the workload on the heart by slowing down the heart rate and lowering blood pressure. They are commonly used in the treatment of heart conditions such as hypertension and heart failure. ACE inhibitors (B) work by dilating blood vessels to reduce blood pressure, calcium channel blockers (C) prevent calcium from entering the heart muscle and blood vessel walls, and diuretics (D) help the body get rid of excess salt and water by increasing urine production.

Similar Questions

What procedure uses a catheter to open up a blocked or narrowed coronary artery, often involving the placement of a stent?
What is a condition where the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body?
What is a surgical procedure to remove one of the lobes of the lungs, often performed to treat lung cancer?
Which of the following is a type of heart valve disease where the aortic valve becomes narrowed, restricting blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body?
What is a chronic lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema?

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