Nursing Elites

1. The nurse suspects that a child has ingested some type of poison. What clinical manifestation would be most suggestive that the poison was a corrosive product?

• A. Tinnitus
• B. Disorientation
• C. Stupor, lethargy, and coma
• D. Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Edema of the lips, tongue, and pharynx is a characteristic sign of corrosive poisoning, indicating damage to mucous membranes from ingestion of a caustic substance. Other symptoms may vary depending on the poison but are not as specific to corrosive ingestion.

2. At what age is binocularity, the ability to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously, typically achieved?

• A. 1 month
• B. 3 to 4 months
• C. 6 to 8 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Binocularity, the ability to fixate on one visual field with both eyes simultaneously, is typically achieved by the age of 3 to 4 months. Achieving binocularity at 1 month is too early for most infants as their visual system is still developing. Similarly, 6 to 8 months and 12 months are beyond the normal age range for achieving binocularity, and delayed achievement could indicate potential issues like strabismus, which may lead to visual impairment if not addressed.

3. A mother tells the nurse that she does not want her infant immunized because of the discomfort associated with injections. What should the nurse explain?

• A. This cannot be prevented
• B. Infants do not feel pain as adults do
• C. This is not a good reason for refusing
• D. A topical anesthetic can be applied

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The nurse should explain that a topical anesthetic can be applied to the injection site before the immunization to reduce discomfort.

4. Which is the most frequently used test for measuring visual acuity?

• A. Snellen letter chart
• B. Ishihara vision test
• C. Allen picture card test
• D. Denver eye screening test

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Snellen letter chart is the most commonly used test for measuring visual acuity, particularly in school-age children and adults.

5. What signs and symptoms are indicative of a urinary tract disorder in the infancy period (1-24 months)? (Select all that apply.)

• A. All below
• B. Poor feeding
• C. Hypothermia
• D. Frequent urination

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In infants, urinary tract disorders may present with poor feeding, hypothermia, and frequent urination. Pallor can be associated with other conditions but is less specific to urinary tract disorders.

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