Nursing Elites

1. The nurse knows that the most common complication of Measles is: A Pneumonia and larynigotracheitis

• A. Encephalitis
• B. Otitis Media
• C. Bronchiectasis
• D.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. Where in the body are microvilli located, facilitating the absorption of most nutrients?

• A. Stomach
• B. Pancreas
• C. Large Intestine
• D. Small Intestine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Small Intestine. Microvilli are present in the small intestine, significantly increasing its surface area for efficient absorption of nutrients. The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the body. The stomach (choice A) primarily functions to break down food with its acidic environment but is not where most nutrients are absorbed. The pancreas (choice B) produces enzymes to aid in digestion but does not directly absorb nutrients. The large intestine (choice C) mainly absorbs water and electrolytes from undigested food, rather than nutrients.

3. The nurse understands that malnutrition is a prevalent issue among hospitalized individuals. What is it commonly associated with?

• A. Decreased health care expenses
• B. Elevated blood pressure
• C. Decreased mortality rates
• D. A compromised immune system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Malnutrition is often associated with a weakened immune system. This is because when the body is not sufficiently nourished, it lacks the necessary nutrients to maintain a well-functioning immune system, making patients more vulnerable to infections and other health complications. This can potentially increase mortality rates and prolong hospital stays, contrary to choice C. Choices A and B are incorrect as malnutrition does not lead to decreased health care costs or high blood pressure. In fact, it may increase health care costs due to the potential for increased complications and extended hospital stays.

4. Which of the following questions illustrates the group role of encourager?

• A. What were you saying?
• B. Who wants to respond next?
• C. Where do you go from here?
• D. Why haven’t we heard from you?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. For an incontinent elderly client who frequently wets his bed and develops redness and skin excoriation at the perianal area, what is the best nursing goal?

• A. Ensure that the bed linen is always dry
• B. Frequently check the bed for wetness and keep it dry
• C. Place a rubber sheet under the client's buttocks
• D. Keep the patient clean and dry

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best nursing goal for an incontinent elderly client with skin excoriation is to ensure that the bed linen is always dry. This helps in preventing further skin breakdown and promoting skin integrity. Choice B, to frequently check the bed for wetness and keep it dry, may not address the issue of prevention if the linen is not consistently dry. Choice C, placing a rubber sheet under the client's buttocks, focuses more on protecting the mattress rather than addressing the client's skin condition directly. Choice D, keeping the patient clean and dry, is important but does not specifically address the preventive aspect of maintaining dry bed linen.

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