Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is teaching parents about expected language development for their 6-month-old infant. The nurse recognizes the parents understand the teaching if they make which statement?

• A. Our baby should comprehend the word no.
• B. Our baby knows the meaning of saying mama.
• C. Our baby should be able to say three to five words.
• D. Our baby should begin to combine syllables, such as dada.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: At 6 months, infants typically begin to combine syllables like "dada" or "mama," but they do not yet understand the meaning of these words.

2. What findings would the nurse consider normal in assessing the anterior fontanel of a neonate?

• A. Closed anterior fontanel
• B. Sunken anterior fontanel
• C. Bulging anterior fontanel
• D. Pulsating anterior fontanel

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulsating anterior fontanel. The fontanel should feel flat, firm, and well demarcated. Pulsations are frequently visible at the anterior fontanel, which is a normal finding in a neonate. A closed anterior fontanel, as mentioned, is a potential sign of a major abnormality. A sunken or bulging fontanel (when the infant is quiet) may be indicative of distress or a major abnormality. Therefore, options A, B, and C are considered abnormal findings when assessing the anterior fontanel of a neonate.

3. The nurse is planning an educational session with a group of school-age children. Which primary task from Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development should be addressed?

• A. Establishing trust in others
• B. Developing a sense of autonomy
• C. Developing a sense of industry
• D. Establishing a sense of identity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, school-age children typically focus on developing a sense of industry. This stage, occurring during middle childhood, involves the desire to feel competent and productive in their skills and abilities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because establishing trust in others (A) is related to the first stage of Erikson's theory (trust vs. mistrust) which occurs in infancy, developing a sense of autonomy (B) is linked to the second stage (autonomy vs. shame and doubt) which occurs in early childhood, and establishing a sense of identity (D) is associated with the fifth stage (identity vs. role confusion) which occurs in adolescence.

4. What is the typical presentation of pyloric stenosis in infants?

• A. Bilious vomiting
• B. Projectile vomiting
• C. Blood in stools
• D. Failure to thrive

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Projectile vomiting. Pyloric stenosis in infants typically presents with projectile vomiting, which is forceful and projective in nature. This occurs due to the obstruction at the pylorus, leading to the stomach being unable to empty properly. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Bilious vomiting is more commonly associated with intestinal obstruction, blood in stools can occur in conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis or allergic colitis, and failure to thrive is a nonspecific finding that can be seen in various pediatric conditions.

5. Congenital defects of the genitourinary tract, such as hypospadias, are usually repaired as early as possible to accomplish what?

• A. Minimize separation anxiety
• B. Prevent urinary complications.
• C. Increase acceptance of hospitalization.
• D. Promote development of normal body image.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Early repair of congenital genitourinary defects like hypospadias is important to promote a normal body image and avoid psychological issues as the child grows. It also helps prevent urinary complications and allows for normal development.

Similar Questions