Nursing Elites

1. The nurse is teaching a nursing student about standard precautions. Which statement made by the student indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. I will use precautions when I give an infant oral care
• B. I will use precautions when I change an infant's diaper
• C. I will use precautions when I come in contact with blood and body fluids
• D. I will use precautions when administering oral medications to a school-age child

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Standard precautions are necessary when dealing with blood, body fluids, and potentially infectious materials. They are not required for routine administration of oral medications unless there is a potential exposure risk.

2. The nurse is planning an educational session with a group of school-age children. Which primary task from Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development should be addressed?

• A. Establishing trust in others
• B. Developing a sense of autonomy
• C. Developing a sense of industry
• D. Establishing a sense of identity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, school-age children typically focus on developing a sense of industry. This stage, occurring during middle childhood, involves the desire to feel competent and productive in their skills and abilities. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because establishing trust in others (A) is related to the first stage of Erikson's theory (trust vs. mistrust) which occurs in infancy, developing a sense of autonomy (B) is linked to the second stage (autonomy vs. shame and doubt) which occurs in early childhood, and establishing a sense of identity (D) is associated with the fifth stage (identity vs. role confusion) which occurs in adolescence.

3. A new mom is ready to introduce solid foods to her infant. Which food would you recommend starting with?

• A. Meat
• B. Rice cereal
• C. Fruits
• D. Vegetables

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rice cereal. Rice cereal is typically the first solid food introduced to infants because it is easy to digest and unlikely to cause an allergic reaction. Starting with rice cereal helps assess the baby's readiness for solid foods and reduces the risk of allergic responses. Choice A (Meat) is not recommended as the initial solid food due to its higher allergenic potential. Choices C (Fruits) and D (Vegetables) are also not usually recommended as the first solid food, as they may be more challenging for infants to digest compared to rice cereal.

4. A 12-year-old child had an appendectomy 18 hours ago. The nurse is monitoring the child for pain control. Which of the following tools is most appropriate for assessing the child’s pain?

• A. FLACC scale
• B. Numeric scale
• C. NIPS scale
• D. FACES scale

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The Numeric scale is the most appropriate tool for assessing pain in older children, like a 12-year-old, as they can comprehend and use numbers to indicate their pain levels accurately. The FLACC scale is typically used for nonverbal or preverbal children. The NIPS scale is designed for neonates and infants. The FACES scale is more commonly used in younger children who may have difficulty expressing their pain in other ways.

5. At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?

• A. 4 months
• B. 6 months
• C. 8 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Most infants can sit steadily without support by 8 months, indicating advanced gross motor skill development.

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