Nursing Elites

1. The healthcare provider is providing care to a child who was treated with aspirin during a viral infection. Which clinical manifestations should cause the healthcare provider concern?

• A. Nausea, vomiting, and confusion
• B. Headache, vomiting, and seizures
• C. Sore throat, moist respirations, and cough
• D. Fever, rash, and photophobia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and confusion are concerning as they are indicative of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious condition associated with aspirin use in children during viral illnesses. Reye's syndrome can lead to severe complications, including brain and liver damage, hence prompt recognition and management are crucial.

2. How would you best evaluate the clinical usefulness of a test?

• A. Decide on using a single test for all clients and families
• B. Consider what needs to be collected and discuss with colleagues
• C. Ask the family for a test suggestion
• D. Read the statistical methods used to validate the scores

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When evaluating the clinical usefulness of a test, the best approach is to consider what specific information needs to be collected based on the clients' needs. Discussing these considerations with colleagues helps in ensuring that the chosen test is appropriate and beneficial for the individuals being assessed. Choice A is incorrect as using a single test for all clients may not account for individual differences. Choice C is incorrect as the family's suggestion alone may not align with clinical needs. Choice D is incorrect as understanding statistical methods alone may not fully capture the clinical utility of a test.

3. When educating a patient about sildenafil (Viagra), which adverse effect should be a priority for the patient to report to his prescriber?

• A. Flushing
• B. Diarrhea
• C. Hearing loss
• D. Dyspepsia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Hearing loss.' In rare cases, Viagra has been associated with sudden hearing loss, typically in one ear, which can be partial or complete. Any onset of hearing problems while using Viagra should be reported promptly to the prescriber. It is recommended to discontinue the medication if it is used for erectile dysfunction. 'Flushing,' 'Diarrhea,' and 'Dyspepsia' are known adverse effects of Viagra but are generally less serious compared to hearing loss.

4. When teaching a school-age child and the parent how to administer insulin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

• A. Store the insulin in the refrigerator after each use.
• B. Rotate injection sites each time you give the injection.
• C. You should give the insulin at room temperature.
• D. Administer the insulin within 30 minutes of each meal.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: It is essential to give insulin at room temperature to prevent discomfort during administration. Cold insulin can cause stinging and pain, which can be avoided by allowing the insulin to reach room temperature before administration. Storing insulin in the refrigerator is correct for long-term storage, but it should be brought to room temperature before use. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by fatty lumps that can develop if injections are consistently given in the same area. Administering insulin within 30 minutes of a meal is generally recommended to match the insulin peak action with the peak glucose levels after eating, but giving insulin at room temperature is more crucial to ensure comfort and proper absorption.

5. A healthcare professional is assessing a child who has a rotavirus infection. Which of the following is an expected manifestation?

• A. Constipation
• B. Vomiting
• C. Jaundice
• D. Abdominal pain

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vomiting is a common manifestation of rotavirus infection in children. Rotavirus typically presents with symptoms such as watery diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain. Constipation, jaundice, and abdominal pain are less commonly associated with rotavirus infection in children.

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