ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 4-month-old infant on preventing an aspiration injury. What should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Keep baby powder out of reach.
- B. Inspect toys for removable parts.
- C. Allow the infant to take a bottle to bed.
- D. Teething biscuits can be used for teething discomfort.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Baby powder can be inhaled by the infant and cause respiratory distress. Toys should be inspected to prevent choking hazards. Allowing an infant to take a bottle to bed can increase the risk of aspiration, and hard foods like teething biscuits should be given with caution.
2. What is a priority intervention for an infant with a temporary colostomy for Hirschsprung disease?
- A. Teaching how to irrigate the colostomy
- B. Protecting the skin around the colostomy
- C. Discussing the implications of a colostomy during puberty
- D. Using simple, straightforward language to prepare the child
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Protecting the skin around the colostomy is crucial to prevent irritation and infection, which are common complications in infants with colostomies. Teaching and discussing long-term implications are important but secondary to immediate skin care needs.
3. The nurse is performing an otoscopic examination on a child. Which are normal findings the nurse should expect? (Select all that apply.)
- A. All below
- B. A well-defined light reflex
- C. A small, round, concave spot near the center of the drum
- D. The tympanic membrane is a nontransparent grayish color
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A well-defined light reflex, a small concave spot, and a grayish, nontransparent tympanic membrane are normal findings during an otoscopic examination in a child.
4. Congenital defects of the genitourinary tract, such as hypospadias, are usually repaired as early as possible to accomplish what?
- A. Minimize separation anxiety
- B. Prevent urinary complications.
- C. Increase acceptance of hospitalization.
- D. Promote development of normal body image.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Early repair of congenital genitourinary defects like hypospadias is important to promote a normal body image and avoid psychological issues as the child grows. It also helps prevent urinary complications and allows for normal development.
5. Which condition is characterized by a harsh, barking cough in children?
- A. Asthma
- B. Bronchiolitis
- C. Croup
- D. Pneumonia
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Croup is the correct answer. It is characterized by a harsh, barking cough due to inflammation of the upper airways, specifically the larynx and trachea. Asthma (Choice A) often presents with wheezing and shortness of breath, not a barking cough. Bronchiolitis (Choice B) typically causes wheezing and respiratory distress in infants. Pneumonia (Choice D) manifests with symptoms such as fever, productive cough, and chest pain, but not usually a barking cough.
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