the nurse is preparing to admit a 5 year old child with hepatitis a what clinical features of hepatitis a should the nurse recognize
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children 2019 B

1. The nurse is preparing to admit a 5-year-old child with hepatitis A. What clinical features of hepatitis A should the nurse recognize?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Hepatitis A typically presents with a rapid onset, early fever, and nausea/vomiting. These are common clinical features seen in patients with hepatitis A. A pruritic rash is not commonly associated with hepatitis A, so choice C is incorrect. Choice A and B alone are not sufficient to cover all the clinical features of hepatitis A.

2. The nurse is aware that if patients from different cultures are implied to be inferior, the emotional attitude the nurse is displaying is what?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to others, which can lead to bias and a lack of cultural competence in healthcare.

3. What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the leading cause of bronchiolitis, a common respiratory condition in infants that results in inflammation of the small airways in the lung. It is highly contagious and can cause severe respiratory distress in young children, particularly those under 2 years old. Choice A, Adenovirus, is not the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Choice B, Influenza virus, may cause respiratory infections but is not the primary cause of bronchiolitis. Choice D, Parainfluenza virus, can cause croup and other upper respiratory infections but is not the main cause of bronchiolitis in infants.

4. What factor predisposes an infant to fluid imbalances?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Infants have immature kidneys that are less efficient at concentrating urine, making them more susceptible to fluid imbalances. Their higher surface area to volume ratio also contributes to greater insensible fluid losses.

5. Why is knowledge of developmental theories useful for the nurse?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Understanding developmental theories helps nurses anticipate and plan appropriate care based on the child’s developmental stage. Choice A is incorrect because developmental theories provide a framework but do not dictate exact actions. Choice B is incorrect as developmental processes are not entirely predictable and are not meant to control a child’s development. Choice C is incorrect as developmental theories are not a strict set of facts that all children follow in a prescribed manner, but rather guidelines for understanding and supporting a child's growth and development.

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