the nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children ATI

1. The nurse is assessing a child suspected of having pinworms. Which is the most common symptom the nurse expects to assess?

A. Restlessness
B. Distractibility
C. Rectal discharge
D. Intense perianal itching

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Intense perianal itching is the most common symptom of pinworm infection, especially at night when the female worms lay their eggs

2. What laboratory finding, in conjunction with the presenting symptoms, indicates minimal change nephrotic syndrome?

A. Low specific gravity
B. Decreased hemoglobin
C. Normal platelet count
D. Reduced serum albumin

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Reduced serum albumin is a hallmark of minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) due to massive proteinuria. This results in hypoalbuminemia, which contributes to the edema characteristic of this condition.

3. Where in the health history does a record of immunizations belong?

A. History
B. Present illness
C. Review of systems
D. Physical assessment

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Immunizations are part of the patient’s health history and are recorded under the history section to ensure the child is up-to-date with vaccinations.

4. What name is given to inflammation of the bladder?

A. Cystitis
B. Urethritis
C. Urosepsis
D. Bacteriuria

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Cystitis is the medical term for inflammation of the bladder. Urethritis refers to inflammation of the urethra, urosepsis to a systemic infection stemming from the urinary tract, and bacteriuria to the presence of bacteria in the urine.

5. Which laboratory test would be most important for the nurse to assess when caring for a toddler suspected of having cystic fibrosis?

A. Liver enzymes
B. Serum calcium
C. Sweat chloride test
D. Urine creatinine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sweat chloride test is the primary diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by abnormal transport of chloride and sodium across epithelial cell membranes, leading to increased chloride in sweat. This test is crucial for diagnosing cystic fibrosis in suspected cases. Liver enzymes (Choice A), serum calcium (Choice B), and urine creatinine (Choice D) are not specific tests for cystic fibrosis and would not provide the necessary information for diagnosis in this case.