the mother of an infant diagnosed with bronchiolitis asks the nurse what causes the disease how should the nurse respond

ATI RN

ATI Nursing Care of Children

1. The mother of an infant diagnosed with bronchiolitis asks the nurse what causes the disease. How should the nurse respond?

A. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Parainfluenza
D. Rotavirus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the most common cause of bronchiolitis, especially in infants. Bronchiolitis is characterized by inflammation of the small airways in the lungs. Choice B, Haemophilus influenzae, is a bacterium that can cause respiratory infections but is not the primary cause of bronchiolitis. Choice C, Parainfluenza, is a common viral infection that can cause croup and other respiratory illnesses but is not the main cause of bronchiolitis. Choice D, Rotavirus, is a virus that primarily affects the gastrointestinal system, causing diarrhea and vomiting, and is not associated with bronchiolitis.

2. What component should be included in the nutritional management of a child with Crohn's disease?

A. High fiber
B. Increased protein
C. Reduced calories
D. Herbal supplements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased protein. Children with Crohn's disease require a diet high in protein to support growth and tissue repair. High fiber should be avoided as it can exacerbate symptoms of Crohn's disease. Reducing calories can lead to malnutrition, which is detrimental in this condition. Herbal supplements should be used cautiously and only under medical advice as they may interact with medications or worsen symptoms.

3. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?

A. Focus the discussion on the peer group
B. Allow an opportunity to express feelings
C. Use the same type of language as the adolescent
D. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Allowing adolescents to express their feelings helps them feel heard and supported, which is crucial for effective communication.

4. Parents of a newborn with ambiguous genitalia want to know how long they will have to wait to know whether they have a boy or a girl. The nurse answers the parents based on what knowledge?

A. Chromosome analysis will be complete in 7 days.
B. A physical examination will be able to provide a definitive answer.
C. Additional laboratory testing is necessary to assign the correct gender.
D. Gender assignment involves collaboration between the parents and a multidisciplinary team.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Gender assignment in cases of ambiguous genitalia is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary approach, including genetic, endocrinological, and psychological evaluations. The decision should be made collaboratively with the parents.