the nurse is assessing a 6 month old infant the parent asks when the soft area in the infants head will go away what is the best response by the nurse
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Nursing Care of Children Final ATI

1. The parent asks when the soft area in the infant's head will go away. What is the best response by the nurse?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best response by the nurse is A, as the anterior fontanel typically closes between 12-18 months of age, allowing for brain growth during infancy. Choice B is incorrect because it does not provide a specific timeframe for the closure of the fontanel. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests a later closure timeframe than usual. Choice D is incorrect as it states that the soft spots should have closed already, which is inaccurate for a 6-month-old infant.

2. The school nurse suspects a testicular torsion in a young adolescent student. What action should the nurse take?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency requiring immediate medical evaluation. Applying heat or elevating the legs will not alleviate the torsion, and delaying care can lead to testicular necrosis.

3. What is the most critical physiological change required of newborns at birth?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Transition from fetal to neonatal breathing. The most critical physiological change required of newborns at birth is the initiation of breathing. This transition is crucial for the newborn to start exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide outside the womb, marking the beginning of their independent respiratory function. Choices B, C, and D are important aspects of newborn care but are not as immediately critical as the establishment of breathing for oxygenation and removal of carbon dioxide, which is essential for the newborn's survival and adaptation to extrauterine life.

4. Which drug is usually the best choice for patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) for a child in the immediate postoperative period?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Morphine is the drug of choice for PCA in children because of its efficacy, safety profile, and rapid onset of action for pain management.

5. The parent of a 2-week-old infant asks the nurse if fluoride supplements are necessary because the infant is exclusively breastfed. What is the nurse's best response?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Breastfed infants may need fluoride supplements starting at 6 months if they are not receiving fluoride from other sources, such as drinking water.

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