the mother of a child with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why her child cannot avoid all those shots and take pills like an uncle does how should the

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. The mother of a child with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse why her child cannot avoid all those ‘shots’ and take pills like an uncle does. How should the nurse respond?

A. The pills work with adult pancreases only.
B. Your child needs insulin replaced, and the oral hypoglycemic only add to an existing supply of insulin.
C. The drugs affect fat and protein metabolism, not sugar.
D. Perhaps when your child is older the pancreas will produce its own insulin, and then your child can take oral hypoglycemic agents.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Children with type 1 diabetes require insulin replacement because their pancreas produces little or no insulin. Oral hypoglycemics used in type 2 diabetes work by improving the effectiveness of insulin the body already makes, which is not sufficient in type 1 diabetes. Choice A is incorrect because the issue is not about the pancreas being adult or child-specific but rather the type of diabetes. Choice C is incorrect because it misstates the mechanism of action of the medications. Choice D is incorrect because it provides inaccurate information about the potential for the child's pancreas to produce insulin in the future, which is unlikely in type 1 diabetes.

2. A 12-year-old child is injured in a bicycle accident. When considering the possibility of renal trauma, the nurse should consider what factor?

A. Flank pain rarely occurs in children with renal injuries.
B. Few nonpenetrating injuries cause renal trauma in children.
C. Kidneys are immobile, well protected, and rarely injured in children.
D. The amount of hematuria is not a reliable indicator of the seriousness of renal injury.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The amount of hematuria is not a reliable indicator of the severity of renal trauma, as even minor injuries can cause significant bleeding, while severe injuries may result in little or no visible blood. Renal trauma should be evaluated through imaging and clinical assessment.

3. Which family theory is described as a series of tasks for the family throughout its life span?

A. Exchange theory
B. Developmental theory
C. Structural-functional theory
D. Symbolic interactional theory

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Developmental theory outlines the series of tasks and stages that a family goes through over its life span, helping to understand the family's development and needs over time.

4. What is the first sign of puberty in girls?

A. Acne
B. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms
C. Thelarche
D. Menarche

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Thelarche. Thelarche refers to the onset of breast development, which is typically the first sign of puberty in girls. This occurs before menarche (the first menstrual period). Choices A and B, acne and hair growth in the pubic area and underarms, are not the first signs of puberty in girls. While acne can be a common occurrence during puberty, it usually appears after other physical changes. Hair growth in the pubic area and underarms also occurs later in the puberty process.

5. What is the most frequent cause of hypovolemic shock in children?

A. Sepsis
B. Blood loss
C. Anaphylaxis
D. Heart failure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hypovolemic shock in children is most frequently caused by blood loss, which can result from trauma, surgery, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Sepsis and anaphylaxis can lead to different types of shock (septic and anaphylactic), and heart failure is related to cardiogenic shock.