Nursing Elites

1. Which type of immunity is demonstrated by the transfer of a mother's immunoglobulin across the placenta to protect the child?

• A. Natural active immunity
• B. Natural passive immunity
• C. Artificial active immunity
• D. Artificial passive immunity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The immunoglobulin passed from the mother to the child through the placenta is an example of natural passive immunity, making choice B the correct answer. This transfer gives the child temporary immunity to various diseases without their immune system having to work. On the other hand, natural active immunity (Choice A) occurs when the body produces its own antibodies in response to an antigen. Artificial active immunity (Choice C) is achieved through vaccinations, where the immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies against a specific disease. Artificial passive immunity (Choice D) is a temporary immunity that involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from another source.

2. What side effect is commonly associated with ECT?

• A. Transient loss of memory, confusion, and disorientation
• B. Nausea and vomiting
• C. Fractures
• D. Hypertension and increased heart rate

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, as Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is commonly associated with side effects such as transient loss of memory, confusion, and disorientation. While nausea and vomiting (Choice B) can occur, they are not as common as the memory-related side effects. Fractures (Choice C) are unlikely unless a mishap occurs during the procedure. Hypertension and increased heart rate (Choice D) might occur during the procedure due to the physiological stress of the treatment, but these are not the most commonly associated side effects. The rationale provided did not effectively explain this, so it's important to note that ECT is a procedure often used for severe depression and other mental illnesses, and understanding its side effects is crucial for patient safety and effective care.

3. Being in contact with reality and the environment is a function of the:

• A. conscience
• B. ego
• C. id
• D. super ego

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Being in contact with reality and the environment is a function of the ego. The ego is responsible for mediating between the id's basic desires, the superego's idealistic standards, and the real world. The conscience (not listed as a choice) is related to feelings of guilt or moral responsibility. The id represents primal instincts, and the superego represents the internalized ideals and moral standards.

4. of the following serves as the strongest for its enforcement? (a) Advances made in Science and Technology have provided the climate for specialization in almost all aspects of human endeavor; and (b) As necessary consequence, there has emerged a new concept known as globalization which seeks to remove barriers in trade, industry and services imposed by the national laws of countries all over the world; and (c) Awareness of this development should impel the nursing sector to prepare our people in the services sector to meet the above challenge; and (d) Current trends of specialization in nursing practice recognized by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) of which the Philippines is a member for the benefit of the Filipino in terms of deepening and refining nursing practice and enhancing the quality of nursing care.

• A. b & c are strong justifications
• B. a & b are strong justifications
• C. a & c are strong justifications
• D. a & d are strong justifications

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Where is Vitamin K synthesized?

• A. by bacteria in the GI tract
• B. by the body by sunlight
• C. deficiency is called beriberi
• D. found in vegetable oils

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Vitamin K is synthesized by bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. Choice B is incorrect as the synthesis of Vitamin D, not K, can be induced by sunlight exposure. Choice C is incorrect as beriberi is a condition caused by thiamine (Vitamin B1) deficiency, not Vitamin K. Choice D is incorrect as Vitamin E is commonly found in vegetable oils, not Vitamin K.

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