Nursing Elites

1. Generally, patients who wear dentures have reduced masticatory efficiency. Mandibular implant-supported dentures can have positive effects on the clinical aspects of mastication and swallowing.

• A. Both statements are true
• B. Both statements are false
• C. The first statement is true; the second is false
• D. The first statement is false; the second is true

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Patients who wear dentures typically experience reduced masticatory efficiency. Mandibular implant-supported dentures are known to have positive effects on the clinical aspects of mastication and swallowing, significantly improving chewing function. Option A is correct because both statements align with these facts. Option B is incorrect as both statements are true. Option C is incorrect as the second statement is also true. Option D is incorrect as the first statement is true.

2. During an initial visit with an older adult client living alone and having difficulty preparing meals, what should the home health nurse do first?

• A. Discuss nutritional requirements with the client.
• B. Refer the client to a senior citizen center.
• C. Arrange for a home-delivered meal program.
• D. Perform a nutrition screening.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Performing a nutrition screening is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take first. This allows the nurse to assess the client's current nutritional status and identify any specific needs. Discussing nutritional requirements with the client (Choice A) may be important but should come after the initial assessment. Referring the client to a senior citizen center (Choice B) or arranging for a home-delivered meal program (Choice C) are actions that may be considered later based on the findings of the nutrition screening.

3. Which food would benefit an anemic patient by increasing their intake?

• A. Beef
• B. Apples
• C. White bread
• D. Fish

Correct answer: A

Rationale: An anemic patient would benefit from increasing their intake of beef. Beef is an excellent source of heme iron, which is critical for treating anemia. Heme iron is absorbed more readily by the body compared to non-heme iron found in plant-based foods. Apples and white bread, while healthy, do not contain significant amounts of heme iron. Fish, although it does contain iron, it's non-heme iron, which is not as efficiently absorbed by the body as heme iron, hence less effective in treating anemia.

4. All of the following are contraindications when giving Immunization except:

• A. BCG Vaccine can be given to a child with AIDS
• B. BCG Vaccine can be given to a child with Hepatitis B
• C. DPT can be given to a child that had convulsion 3 days after being given the first DPT dose
• D. DPT can be given to a child with active convulsion or other neurological disease

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. BCG vaccine can be given to a child with Hepatitis B, as there is no contraindication for this. Choice A, C, and D all present contraindications for administering immunizations. Choice A is incorrect because giving BCG vaccines to a child with AIDS is a contraindication. Choice C is incorrect as convulsions after the first DPT dose indicate a contraindication to subsequent doses. Choice D is incorrect because active convulsions or other neurological diseases are contraindications to receiving the DPT vaccine.

5. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to cause bleeding disorders?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin E
• C. Vitamin K
• D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting as it plays a crucial role in the activation of clotting factors. Deficiency of Vitamin K can lead to impaired blood clotting, resulting in bleeding disorders. Vitamin A is more associated with vision and skin health, not blood clotting. Vitamin E is known for its antioxidant properties and role in immune function, not specifically related to bleeding disorders. Vitamin D plays a key role in calcium absorption and bone health, but it is not directly linked to blood clotting or bleeding disorders.

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