generally patients who wear dentures have reduced masticatory efficiency mandibular implant supported dentures can have positive effects on the clinic
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Nursing Elites

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1. Generally, patients who wear dentures have reduced masticatory efficiency. Mandibular implant-supported dentures can have positive effects on the clinical aspects of mastication and swallowing.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. Patients who wear dentures typically experience reduced masticatory efficiency. Mandibular implant-supported dentures are known to have positive effects on the clinical aspects of mastication and swallowing, significantly improving chewing function. Option A is correct because both statements align with these facts. Option B is incorrect as both statements are true. Option C is incorrect as the second statement is also true. Option D is incorrect as the first statement is true.

2. Which term is used to describe populations located in lower income, inner city, and rural areas with few supermarkets but numerous small stores stocking limited nutritious food items?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A food desert refers to areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food, often found in lower-income urban and rural areas.

3. The most energy-rich nutrient is:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fat provides 9 kcal per gram, making it the most energy-rich nutrient compared to carbohydrates and proteins, which provide 4 kcal per gram.

4. Muscle weakness due to wasting would most likely be evaluated by which test?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Handgrip strength is a reliable test to assess muscle function and detect muscle weakness due to wasting. It is often used to identify conditions like sarcopenia in clinical settings. Options A, B, and D are not suitable for evaluating muscle weakness. Food intake recall does not directly measure muscle function, skinfold thickness assesses body fat but not muscle strength, and red blood cell levels are unrelated to muscle wasting.

5. Which of the following terms describes the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Stroke volume. Stroke volume refers to the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle in one contraction. Choice B, Cardiac output, is the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute and is calculated by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate. Choice C, Ejection fraction, is the percentage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heartbeat. Choice D, Afterload, refers to the pressure or resistance that the ventricles must overcome to eject blood during systole. Therefore, in the context of the question, the term that specifically describes the amount of blood ejected per heartbeat is stroke volume.

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