ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. When should the dressing change for a post-op pediatric patient that is expected to be very painful and frightening be performed?
- A. In the patient’s room
- B. In the treatment room
- C. After discharge when the patient is at home
- D. In the playroom
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'In the treatment room.' Performing painful procedures in the treatment room helps the child associate their own room with safety and comfort, not pain. Choice A is incorrect because performing the dressing change in the patient’s room may create a negative association with their safe space. Choice C is incorrect as it is important to ensure proper wound care and pain management before discharge. Choice D is incorrect as the playroom may not be equipped for a sterile dressing change.
2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, "What is meant by family-centered care?" The nurse should respond with which statement?
- A. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversity on the family
- B. Family-centered care encourages family dependence on the health care system
- C. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child’s life
- D. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision-making process
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Family-centered care emphasizes the importance of the family as the constant in a child's life, involving them in all aspects of care and decision-making.
3. Which laboratory value at the time of diagnosis should the nurse anticipate would determine the worst prognosis for a child with leukemia?
- A. Slow response to chemotherapy
- B. Platelets of 150,000/mcL
- C. Leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL
- D. Leukocytes of 275,000/mcL
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A high white blood cell count (leukocytes of 275,000/mcL) at diagnosis is associated with a worse prognosis in leukemia because it indicates a more aggressive disease with a higher tumor burden. Slow response to chemotherapy (choice A) is a consequence of the aggressive disease and not a determining factor at diagnosis. Platelets of 150,000/mcL (choice B) and leukocytes less than 10,000/mcL (choice C) are within normal ranges and not indicative of a worse prognosis in leukemia.
4. The parents of a young child ask the nurse for suggestions about discipline. When discussing the use of time-outs, which should the nurse include?
- A. Send the child to his or her room if the child has one.
- B. A general rule for length of time is 1 hour per year of age.
- C. Select an area that is safe and nonstimulating, such as a hallway.
- D. If the child cries, refuses, or is more disruptive, try another approach.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Time-outs should be in a safe, nonstimulating area, with the length typically being 1 minute per year of the child's age, not 1 hour.
5. A Hispanic toddler has pneumonia. The nurse notices that the parent consistently feeds the child only the broth that comes on the clear liquid tray. Food items, such as Jell-O, Popsicles, and juices, are left. Which statement best explains this?
- A. The parent is trying to feed the child only what the child likes most
- B. Hispanics believe the evil eye enters when a person gets cold
- C. The parent is trying to restore normal balance through appropriate hot remedies
- D. Hispanics believe an innate energy called chi is strengthened by eating soup
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In Hispanic culture, the balance between hot and cold is important, and the parent may be giving the child broth to restore this balance while avoiding "cold" foods.
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