Nursing Elites

1. Surgery is performed on a child to correct cryptorchidism. The parents understand the reason for the surgery if they tell the nurse this was done to do what?

• A. Prevent damage to the undescended testicle.
• B. Prevent urinary tract infections.
• C. Prevent prostate cancer.
• D. Prevent an inguinal hernia.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary reason for correcting cryptorchidism through surgery is to prevent damage to the undescended testicle, which can lead to infertility and increase the risk of testicular cancer. Prevention of UTIs and prostate cancer are not the primary concerns in this context.

2. The nurse is preparing a child for possible alopecia from chemotherapy. What information should the nurse give regarding alopecia?

• A. Hair usually regrows in two years.
• B. When hair regrows, it may have a slightly different color or texture.
• C. Expose your head to sunlight to minimize alopecia.
• D. Wearing hats and scarves are preferred to wearing a wig.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Hair loss from chemotherapy is usually temporary, and when it regrows, it may have a different color or texture. Sun exposure should be minimized, as the scalp may be more sensitive. Wearing hats and scarves can provide comfort and protection, but there is no preference over wearing a wig. Choice A is incorrect because hair regrowth after chemotherapy varies from person to person and usually occurs sooner than two years. Choice C is incorrect as sun exposure should be minimized to protect the sensitive scalp. Choice D is incorrect as the preference between wearing hats, scarves, or a wig is subjective and depends on the individual's comfort and preferences.

3. A child with acute glomerulonephritis is in the playroom and experiences blurred vision and a headache. What action should the nurse take?

• A. Check the urine to see if hematuria has increased.
• B. Obtain the child's blood pressure and notify the healthcare provider.
• C. Obtain serum electrolytes and send urinalysis to the laboratory.
• D. Reassure the child and encourage bed rest until the headache improves.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Blurred vision and headache in a child with acute glomerulonephritis may indicate severe hypertension, which requires immediate assessment and intervention. Blood pressure should be checked, and the healthcare provider notified.

4. When assessing an infant with intussusception, what type of stool would the nurse expect to find?

• A. Soft, seedy stool
• B. Currant-jelly stool
• C. Ribbon-like stool
• D. Soft and pasty stool

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Currant-jelly stool. This type of stool, which is red and mucous-like, is a classic sign of intussusception in infants. Choice A (Soft, seedy stool) is incorrect as it does not specifically describe the characteristic stool associated with intussusception. Choice C (Ribbon-like stool) is incorrect; ribbon-like stool may be seen in conditions like colon cancer, not intussusception. Choice D (Soft and pasty stool) is also incorrect as it does not match the typical stool finding in intussusception.

5. When assessing a family, the nurse determines that the parents exert little or no control over their children. This style of parenting is called which?

• A. Permissive
• B. Dictatorial
• C. Democratic
• D. Authoritarian

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Permissive parenting is characterized by parents exerting little or no control over their children, leading to a lack of boundaries and structure.

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