short bowel syndrome usually occurs when
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI RN Custom Exams Set 4

1. Short-bowel syndrome usually occurs when:

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Short-bowel syndrome usually occurs when more than 50% of the small intestine is surgically removed. This condition results in malabsorption of nutrients and fluids due to the reduced length of the small intestine. Choice A is incorrect because the contraction of longitudinal muscles does not lead to short-bowel syndrome. Choice C is incorrect as short-bowel syndrome is primarily related to the small intestine, not the large intestine. Choice D is incorrect since decreased transit time due to infection or drugs is not a direct cause of short-bowel syndrome.

2. Which of the following is a specialized medical treatment and teaching facility that provides general and specialized medical and dental care and treatment?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'MEDCEN.' A MEDCEN (Medical Center) is a specialized medical treatment and teaching facility that offers general and specialized medical and dental care. Choice A, 'CONUS,' refers to the continental United States and is not related to medical facilities. Choice C, 'MEDCOM,' stands for Medical Command, which is an administrative entity responsible for overseeing medical units, not providing direct care. Choice D, 'MEDDAC,' refers to Medical Department Activity, which is a smaller medical unit compared to a MEDCEN and may not provide the same level of specialized care.

3. The system used at the division level and forward comprises six basic modules. Which module is composed of four medical specialists and two vehicles?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'C: Ambulance squad.' The Ambulance Squad is composed of four medical specialists and two vehicles, making it the module described in the question. Choice A, 'Patient holding squad,' is incorrect as it does not match the composition specified. Choice B, 'Surgical squad,' is incorrect as it focuses on surgical rather than general medical support. Choice D, 'Area support squad,' is incorrect as it does not align with the composition of four specialists and two vehicles.

4. The nurse is aware that norepinephrine is secreted by which endocrine gland?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Norepinephrine is indeed secreted by the adrenal medulla, making choice C the correct answer. The adrenal medulla is part of the adrenal glands, located on top of the kidneys. Norepinephrine is involved in the body's 'fight or flight' response, helping to prepare the body to react to stress. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as norepinephrine is not secreted by the pancreas, adrenal cortex, or the anterior pituitary gland.

5. Which of the following is a common side effect of the drug metformin?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, weight loss. Metformin is commonly associated with weight loss as a side effect rather than weight gain. Metformin works by decreasing glucose production in the liver and improving insulin sensitivity, which can lead to weight loss. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because weight gain, drowsiness, and hypertension are not typically common side effects of metformin.

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