parents of a child who will need hemodialysis ask the nurse what are the advantages of a fistula over a graft or external access device for hemodialys
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. Parents of a child who will need hemodialysis ask the nurse, What are the advantages of a fistula over a graft or external access device for hemodialysis? (Select all that apply.)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A fistula typically has fewer complications, allows for greater freedom of movement, and involves natural vessel changes that improve dialysis efficiency. However, it is not ready for immediate use, which is why it may take weeks to mature before it can be used.

2. During a funduscopic examination of a school-age child, the nurse notes a brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes. The nurse should recognize that this is which?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A brilliant, uniform red reflex in both eyes is a normal finding, indicating that the retina is healthy and there are no significant obstructions in the visual pathway.

3. In what condition should the nurse be alert for altered fluid requirements in children? (Select all that apply.)

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Conditions like oliguric renal failure, increased intracranial pressure, and mechanical ventilation significantly alter fluid requirements in children. These conditions either restrict fluid output or require careful fluid management to avoid worsening the condition.

4. The nurse is teaching a parent with a 2-month-old infant who has been diagnosed with colic about ways to relieve colic. Which statement by the parent indicates the need for additional teaching?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Letting an infant cry for prolonged periods can exacerbate colic and increase the infant's distress. It is better to respond promptly to soothe the baby. Other methods like swaddling, gentle massage, and keeping the infant upright can help relieve colic symptoms.

5. The nurse is teaching a child experiencing severe edema associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome about his diet. The nurse should discuss what dietary need?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fluid restriction is often necessary to manage severe edema associated with MCNS. Increasing protein is not typically recommended due to the risk of exacerbating proteinuria, and calorie reduction is not generally needed.

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