Nursing Elites

1. Nurse Joel and Ana are helping a 16-year-old Nursing Student in a case filed against the student for frustrated homicide. Nurse Joel and Ana are aware of the different circumstances of crimes. They are correct in identifying which of the following circumstances will be best applied in this case?

• A. Justifying
• B. Aggravating
• C. Mitigating
• D. Exempting

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In cases of frustrated homicide, the circumstance of 'justifying' is the most applicable. Justifying circumstances are those that exempt the individual from criminal liability because the act is considered morally right or justified under the circumstances. Aggravating circumstances would worsen the offense, mitigating circumstances would lessen the penalty, and exempting circumstances would completely excuse the individual from liability, none of which are suitable in a case of frustrated homicide.

2. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has acute pancreatitis and has a prescription for fat-soluble vitamin supplements. The nurse should instruct the client to take a supplement for which of the following?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin B1
• C. Vitamin C
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In acute pancreatitis, malabsorption of fat-soluble vitamins can occur due to pancreatic enzyme insufficiency. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that may need supplementation in this case. Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin C, and Vitamin B12 are water-soluble vitamins and are not typically affected by pancreatic enzyme insufficiency in acute pancreatitis. Therefore, the correct supplement for the client with acute pancreatitis is Vitamin A.

3. Which type of immunity is demonstrated by the transfer of a mother's immunoglobulin across the placenta to protect the child?

• A. Natural active immunity
• B. Natural passive immunity
• C. Artificial active immunity
• D. Artificial passive immunity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The immunoglobulin passed from the mother to the child through the placenta is an example of natural passive immunity, making choice B the correct answer. This transfer gives the child temporary immunity to various diseases without their immune system having to work. On the other hand, natural active immunity (Choice A) occurs when the body produces its own antibodies in response to an antigen. Artificial active immunity (Choice C) is achieved through vaccinations, where the immune system is stimulated to produce antibodies against a specific disease. Artificial passive immunity (Choice D) is a temporary immunity that involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from another source.

4. Major complications of diabetes include damage to the:

• A. stomach, liver, and pancreas
• B. eyes, nerves, and kidneys
• C. skin, blood vessels, and lungs
• D. brain, pituitary gland, and thyroid gland

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: eyes, nerves, and kidneys. In diabetes, major complications result from damage to small blood vessels that supply these organs. Damage to the eyes can lead to retinopathy, to the nerves causing neuropathy, and to the kidneys causing nephropathy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the typical major complications associated with diabetes.

5. Most nurses regard this conventional recording of the date, time, and mode by which the patient leaves a healthcare unit but this record includes importantly, directs of planning for discharge that starts soon after the person is admitted to a healthcare institution. It is accepted that collaboration or multidisciplinary involvement (of all members of the health team) in discharge results in comprehensive care. What do you call this?

• A. Discharge Summary
• B. Nursing Kardex
• C. Medicine and Treatment Record
• D. Nursing Health History and Assessment Worksheet

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

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