Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following proteins is iron a component of, responsible for the transport of oxygen in the bloodstream?

• A. hemoglobin
• B. transferrin
• C. myoglobin
• D. hepcidin

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the protein found in red blood cells that is responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. Iron is a crucial component of hemoglobin, binding to oxygen and allowing for its transport. Choice B, transferrin, is involved in iron transport in the blood but not in oxygen transport. Choice C, myoglobin, is a protein found in muscle cells that stores oxygen for muscle use, not transportation in the bloodstream. Choice D, hepcidin, is a peptide hormone that regulates iron absorption in the intestines and iron distribution in the body, but it is not directly involved in oxygen transport.

2. A client is receiving education from a nurse regarding the dietary changes needed for weight loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first?

• A. Educate the client about daily caloric requirements.
• B. Determine the client’s daily caloric intake.
• C. Provide the client with meal planning information.
• D. Show the client how to identify the fat content of packaged foods.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to determine the client’s daily caloric intake first. This step is crucial in understanding the client's current dietary habits and establishing a baseline for creating an effective weight loss plan. Educating the client about daily caloric requirements (Choice A) can only be done effectively after knowing the client's current intake. Providing meal planning information (Choice C) and teaching the client how to identify fat content in foods (Choice D) come after determining the baseline caloric intake to tailor the plan accordingly.

3. What principle is used when the client with fever loses heat through giving cooling bed bath to lower body temperature?

• A. Radiation C. Evaporation
• B. Convection D. Conduction
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

4. Which vitamin is crucial for collagen synthesis and wound healing?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin E
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is crucial for collagen synthesis, a process important for wound healing. Collagen is a key protein that helps in wound repair and tissue strength. Vitamin D is primarily known for its role in calcium absorption and bone health, not directly related to collagen synthesis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage but is not directly involved in collagen synthesis. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting but does not play a major role in collagen synthesis for wound healing.

5. Individuals who use antiretroviral drugs frequently develop insulin resistance and _____.

• A. hypertension
• B. hypothyroidism
• C. hyperlipidemia
• D. fluid retention

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: hyperlipidemia. Antiretroviral drugs can often lead to elevated lipid levels (hyperlipidemia), which is a common side effect of this therapy. This increase in lipids can contribute to cardiovascular risk. Hypertension (choice A) is not typically associated with antiretroviral drug use. Hypothyroidism (choice B) and fluid retention (choice D) are also not commonly linked to antiretroviral therapy.

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