Nursing Elites

1. High blood pressure is defined as systolic and diastolic measurements greater than or equal to:

• A. 140 mm Hg and 90 mm Hg, respectively
• B. 150 mm Hg and 80 mm Hg, respectively
• C. 160 mm Hg and 110 mm Hg, respectively
• D. 180 mm Hg and 120 mm Hg, respectively

Correct answer: A

Rationale: High blood pressure, or hypertension, is typically defined as having a systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests a higher systolic measurement than the standard definition. Choice C is incorrect as it provides an even higher systolic measurement and a much higher diastolic measurement. Choice D is also incorrect as it suggests extremely elevated blood pressure values, well above the typical definition of hypertension.

2. The substance that is most supportive of bones and teeth is:

• A. Hemoglobin
• B. Collagen
• C. Insulin
• D. Pepsin

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Collagen is a key structural protein in bones and teeth, providing support and strength.

3. What is one of the best nutritional actions a caregiver can take to help a patient with Alzheimer's disease maintain appropriate body weight?

• A. Thicken liquids to prevent choking
• B. Supervise food planning and mealtimes
• C. Assist the person in completing a grocery checklist
• D. Feed the person their meals and snacks

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Supervise food planning and mealtimes'. This action ensures the patient with Alzheimer's disease maintains an appropriate diet and body weight, thus reducing the risk of malnutrition. While choices A, 'Thicken liquids to prevent choking', C, 'Assist the person in completing a grocery checklist', and D, 'Feed the person their meals and snacks', might be beneficial in certain circumstances, they do not directly contribute to the maintenance of appropriate body weight as effectively as supervising food planning and mealtimes does.

4. The past history of Camila would most probably reveal that her premorbid personality is:

• A. schizoid
• B. extrovert
• C. ambivert
• D. cycloid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

5. Which types of lipids must be listed on the food label? Select all that apply.

• A. Total fat
• B. Saturated fat
• C. Trans fat
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D. All of the above'. This is because, according to regulations, food labels must include the information on total fat, saturated fat, and trans fat. These types of fats are crucial for consumers to monitor, as they can significantly affect heart health. Choices A, B, and C are all correct, but they are only parts of the total information that must be provided. Therefore, the most comprehensive answer is 'D. All of the above'.

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