high blood pressure is defined as systolic and diastolic measurements greater than or equal to
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Nursing Elites

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1. High blood pressure is defined as systolic and diastolic measurements greater than or equal to:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: High blood pressure, or hypertension, is typically defined as having a systolic pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests a higher systolic measurement than the standard definition. Choice C is incorrect as it provides an even higher systolic measurement and a much higher diastolic measurement. Choice D is also incorrect as it suggests extremely elevated blood pressure values, well above the typical definition of hypertension.

2. Which breakfast items indicate an understanding of foods high in antioxidants A and C?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hard-boiled eggs, cantaloupe, and orange juice. Cantaloupe and orange juice are rich in vitamins A and C, which are known for their antioxidant properties. Choice A is incorrect because fried eggs, sausage, and whole wheat toast do not contain high levels of antioxidants A and C. Choice B is incorrect because, while blueberries are high in antioxidants, coffee does not provide significant amounts of vitamins A and C. Choice C is incorrect because, although strawberries are a good source of vitamin C, low-fat milk does not contribute significantly to vitamins A and C.

3. The purpose of the health history is to identify health-related considerations and medications that may cause nutritional risk. Many medications, such as prednisone, have drug-nutrient interactions that can influence nutrient needs.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Both statements are true. The health history aims to uncover health-related factors that could pose nutritional risks, including medications like prednisone that may have interactions affecting nutrient requirements. Choice B is incorrect as both statements are accurate, emphasizing the significance of health history in assessing nutritional concerns.

4. The recommended daily fluid intake of patients maintained using hemodialysis is:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 1000 mL plus the volume of urinary output. Fluid intake is typically restricted in hemodialysis patients to prevent fluid overload. The recommended daily fluid intake for these patients is 1000 mL plus any urinary output. Choice A (150 mL plus the volume of urinary output) is too low and would not provide enough fluid for these patients. Choice B (500 mL plus the volume of urinary output) is also insufficient. Choice D (1500 mL plus the volume of urinary output) is too high and may lead to fluid overload in hemodialysis patients.

5. A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a client who has Phenylketonuria (PKU) and is planning a pregnancy. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the discussion?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A low-protein diet should be followed for three months before conception in individuals with PKU who are planning a pregnancy. This diet helps manage PKU by reducing phenylalanine levels, which is crucial for maternal and fetal health. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Choice A is not directly related to managing PKU, choice B focuses on a different aspect of care during pregnancy, and choice C is inaccurate as breastfeeding will not prevent a baby from developing PKU.

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