Nursing Elites

1. An adolescent client has bloodshot eyes, a voracious appetite, and dry mouth. Which drug abuse would the nurse most likely suspect?

• A. Marijuana
• B. Amphetamines
• C. Barbiturates
• D. Anxiolytics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The symptoms described, including bloodshot eyes, a voracious appetite, and dry mouth, are consistent with marijuana use. Bloodshot eyes are a common side effect of marijuana due to its effect on blood vessels in the eyes. Marijuana also often causes an increase in appetite (known as 'the munchies') and can result in dry mouth. Amphetamines typically cause symptoms like increased alertness, energy, and decreased appetite. Barbiturates and anxiolytics would not typically cause bloodshot eyes, a voracious appetite, and dry mouth as described in the scenario. Therefore, the most likely drug abuse the nurse would suspect in this case is marijuana.

2. What type of drug would most likely be given to a patient following a myocardial infarction?

• A. antiemetic
• B. anticoagulant
• C. anticonvulsant
• D. antibiotic

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Anticoagulants are the most suitable choice for a patient following a myocardial infarction. These medications are essential in preventing further blood clots from forming in the arteries, reducing the risk of complications such as strokes or recurrent heart attacks. Antiemetics are used to control nausea and vomiting, not directly related to myocardial infarction. Anticonvulsants are used to manage seizures, not typically indicated after a heart attack. Antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial infections, not routinely given after a myocardial infarction.

3. A nurse is teaching a client about iron-rich foods. Which food is the best source of heme iron?

• A. Spinach
• B. Lentils
• C. Beef liver
• D. Tofu

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Heme iron, found in animal products like beef liver, is more easily absorbed than non-heme iron from plant sources.

4. A client with chronic pancreatitis is receiving discharge teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. "You should decrease your caloric intake when experiencing abdominal pain."?
• B. "You should increase your daily intake of protein."?
• C. "You should increase fat intake when experiencing loose stools."?
• D. "You should limit alcohol intake to 2-3 drinks per week."?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In chronic pancreatitis, it is important to increase protein intake to support healing and prevent malnutrition. Choice A is incorrect because decreasing caloric intake during abdominal pain may lead to further nutritional deficiencies. Choice C is incorrect as increasing fat intake can exacerbate symptoms due to the impaired fat digestion in chronic pancreatitis. Choice D is incorrect as alcohol should be completely avoided in chronic pancreatitis to prevent further damage to the pancreas.

5. Nancy blames God for her situation. She is easily provoked to tears and wants to be left alone, refusing to eat or talk to her family. A religious person before, she now refuses to pray or go to church stating that God has abandoned her. The nurse understands that Nancy is grieving for her self and is in the stage of:

• A. bargaining
• B. denial
• C. anger
• D. acceptance

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Understanding the underlying pathology and therapeutic techniques ensures that nursing care is not only reactive but also preventative, reducing the risk of complications.

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