glenda has cholelithiasis gallstones you expect her to complain of

ATI RN

ATI Gastrointestinal System Test

1. Glenda has cholelithiasis (gallstones). You expect her to complain of:

A. Pain in the right upper quadrant, radiating to the shoulder.
B. Pain in the right lower quadrant, with rebound tenderness.
C. Pain in the left upper quadrant, with shortness of breath.
D. Pain in the left lower quadrant, with mild cramping.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patients with cholelithiasis often complain of pain in the right upper quadrant, radiating to the shoulder.

2. Michael, a 42 y.o. man is admitted to the med-surg floor with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. His BP is 136/76, pulse 96, Resps 22 and temp 101. His past history includes hyperlipidemia and alcohol abuse. The doctor prescribes an NG tube. Before inserting the tube, you explain the purpose to patient. Which of the following is a most accurate explanation?

A. It empties the stomach of fluids and gas.
B. It prevents spasms at the sphincter of Oddi.
C. It prevents air from forming in the small intestine and large intestine.
D. It removes bile from the gallbladder.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Explain to the patient that the NG tube is used to empty the stomach of fluids and gas, which helps relieve symptoms of acute pancreatitis.

3. When teaching an elderly client how to prevent constipation, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Drink 6 glasses of fluid each day.
B. Avoid grain products and nuts.
C. Add at least 4 grams of brain to your cereal each morning.
D. Be sure to get regular exercise.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To prevent constipation, elderly clients should be encouraged to get regular exercise, which promotes bowel motility.

4. If a client had irritable bowel syndrome, which of the following diagnostic tests would determine if the diagnosis is Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis?

A. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan
B. Abdominal x-ray
C. Barium swallow
D. Colonoscopy with biopsy

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A colonoscopy with biopsy is the most definitive diagnostic test to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.

5. A nurse is developing a teaching plan for the client with viral hepatitis. The nurse plans to tell the client which of the following in the teaching session?

A. Activity should be limited to prevent fatigue
B. The diet should be low in calories
C. Meals should be large to conserve energy
D. Alcohol intake should be limited to 2 oz. per day.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The client with viral hepatitis should limit activity to avoid fatigue during the recuperation period. The diet should be optimal in calories, proteins, and carbohydrates. The client should take in several small meals per day. Alcohol is strictly forbidden.