Nursing Elites

1. Gina, A client in prolong labor said she cannot go on anymore. The health care team decided that both the child and the mother cannot anymore endure the process. The baby is premature and has a little chance of surviving. Caesarian section is not possible because Gina already lost enough blood during labor and additional losses would tend to be fatal. The husband decided that Gina should survive and gave his consent to terminate the fetus. The principle that will be used by the health care team is:

• A. Beneficence
• B. Non malfeasance
• C. Justice
• D. Double effect

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Effective nursing care involves comprehensive assessments that address all aspects of a patient's condition, ensuring that interventions are appropriately targeted and outcomes are optimized.

2. Who most often prescribes a patient's diet order?

• A. Registered Nurse
• B. Physician
• C. Registered Dietetic Technician
• D. Occupational Therapist

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A patient's dietary order is most frequently prescribed by a physician. This is because the physician has a comprehensive understanding of the patient's medical condition and can thus determine the most suitable dietary plan. Registered dietitians often collaborate with physicians in this process, but the final prescription is made by the physician. Although registered nurses, dietetic technicians, and occupational therapists play significant roles in patient care, they typically do not prescribe diet orders.

3. A nurse is providing preventative information to a group of parents with toddlers about choking. Which food item should the nurse recommend for this age group?

• A. Banana slices
• B. Popcorn
• C. Hot dogs
• D. Carrot sticks

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Banana slices are the most suitable food option for toddlers to prevent choking. Toddlers are at a higher risk of choking due to their small airways and developing chewing abilities. Banana slices are soft, easy to chew, and less likely to cause choking compared to other options. Popcorn and hot dogs are common choking hazards for young children due to their shape and texture. While carrot sticks may be a healthy choice, they can also pose a choking risk due to their hardness and shape. Therefore, recommending banana slices to parents of toddlers is the safest choice to prevent choking incidents, making choice 'A' the correct answer. Choices 'B', 'C', and 'D' are incorrect because they can potentially cause choking in toddlers.

4. A client was rushed in the E.R showing a whitish, leathery and painless burned area on his skin. The nurse is correct in classifying this burn as:

• A. First degree burn C. Third degree burn
• B. Second degree burn D. Partial thickness burn
• C.
• D.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nursing interventions should be grounded in a deep understanding of the physiological processes involved, ensuring that care provided is both effective and efficient.

5. When a nurse signs a consent form, which ethical principle is being observed regarding the patient?

• A. Autonomy
• B. Justice
• C. Accountability
• D. Beneficence

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Autonomy'. Autonomy refers to the patient's right to make their own decisions, which is being honored when a nurse signs a consent form. While beneficence (Choice D) is an important ethical principle that involves acting in the patient's best interest, it is not what is being primarily observed in this instance. Justice (Choice B) refers to fairness and equal treatment and is not specifically relevant to this scenario. Accountability (Choice C) pertains to being answerable for one's actions and decisions, but again, it is not the principle directly observed in this situation. Therefore, when a nurse signs a consent form, it is the principle of autonomy that is being observed.

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