Nursing Elites

1. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is often used to treat which of the following conditions?

• A. Schizophrenia
• B. Bipolar disorder
• C. Posttraumatic stress disorder
• D. Generalized anxiety disorder

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a widely used therapeutic approach effective in treating various mental health conditions. While CBT can be beneficial for different disorders, it is particularly well-suited for anxiety-related conditions like generalized anxiety disorder. CBT focuses on identifying and modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors contributing to anxiety, making it a suitable choice for treating generalized anxiety disorder. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because CBT is not typically the first-line treatment for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or posttraumatic stress disorder, although it may be used as a part of a comprehensive treatment plan.

2. What information should the nurse include in patient education for a patient prescribed fluoxetine for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

• A. Take the medication in the morning to avoid insomnia.
• B. The medication may take several weeks to achieve the full effect.
• C. It is safe to consume alcohol while taking this medication.
• D. Report any side effects to the healthcare provider immediately.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Patients prescribed fluoxetine should be educated that the medication may take several weeks to achieve its full therapeutic effect. This information helps manage patient expectations and ensures they do not discontinue the medication prematurely due to lack of immediate results. Taking the medication in the morning to avoid insomnia is not a specific requirement for fluoxetine. Consuming alcohol while taking fluoxetine is not safe and can lead to adverse effects. It is crucial to report any side effects to the healthcare provider promptly for timely management and adjustment of the treatment plan.

3. A client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is receiving education from a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? Select all that apply.

• A. I should avoid caffeine because it can increase my anxiety.
• B. I can stop taking my medication once I feel better.
• C. Practicing deep breathing exercises can help reduce my anxiety.
• D. I should gradually face situations that cause me anxiety.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The statement 'I can stop taking my medication once I feel better' indicates a need for further teaching. It is crucial for individuals with generalized anxiety disorder to continue taking their medication as prescribed even when they start feeling better. Discontinuing medication abruptly can lead to a recurrence of symptoms. It is essential to emphasize the importance of following the prescribed treatment plan and regularly consulting with a healthcare provider to assess the need for medication adjustments.

4. When developing a care plan for a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), which of the following interventions should not be included?

• A. Encourage the client to avoid anxiety-provoking situations.
• B. Teach the client relaxation techniques.
• C. Encourage the client to express their feelings.
• D. Provide a structured daily routine.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Avoiding anxiety-provoking situations is not a recommended intervention in caring for a client with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as it can reinforce the client's anxiety. Exposing the client gradually to feared situations can help reduce anxiety in the long term through techniques like cognitive-behavioral therapy. Teaching relaxation techniques helps the client manage stress and anxiety effectively. Encouraging the client to express their feelings promotes emotional processing and reduces internal tension. Providing a structured daily routine can offer predictability and stability, which are beneficial for individuals with GAD.

5. A female patient diagnosed with schizophrenia has been prescribed a first-generation antipsychotic medication. What information should the nurse provide to the patient regarding her signs and symptoms?

• A. Her memory problems will likely decrease.
• B. Depressive episodes should be less severe.
• C. She will probably enjoy social interactions more.
• D. She should experience a reduction in hallucinations.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: First-generation antipsychotic medications are effective in reducing hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia. These medications primarily target positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions. Therefore, the nurse should inform the patient that she should experience a reduction in hallucinations with the prescribed first-generation antipsychotic medication.

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