children with cerebral palsy down syndrome and intellectual disabilities are likely to have abnormal sensory input and muscle tone a small underdevelo
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

ATI RN Nutrition Online Practice 2019

1. Children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and intellectual disabilities are likely to have abnormal sensory input and muscle tone. A small, underdeveloped tongue is common in many such disorders and results in diminished nutritional status.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The first statement is true, but the second is false. These children often have a large tongue or tongue thrust, which can interfere with feeding and nutrition.

2. Bacterial growth and plaque formation are enhanced by a diet with frequent intake of retentive carbohydrates. Gingivitis is an irreversible change in the interdental papillary tissues.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The first statement is true; retentive carbohydrates promote bacterial growth and plaque formation. However, the second statement is false; gingivitis is not irreversible and is often reversible with proper care. Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums due to plaque buildup and poor oral hygiene. With good oral hygiene practices and professional dental care, gingivitis can be reversed. The other choices are incorrect because gingivitis is not irreversible, making statement two false.

3. Which food item interferes with the effectiveness of warfarin?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Broccoli is high in vitamin K, which can affect the effectiveness of warfarin. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that functions by reducing the activity of vitamin K in the body. When one consumes broccoli, which is rich in vitamin K, it could counteract the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, thereby interfering with its effectiveness. On the other hand, cauliflower, zucchini, and green beans do not have significant levels of vitamin K and hence, are not known to impact the effectiveness of warfarin.

4. The nurse understands that one of these factors contributes to constipation:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

5. Which of the following is a normal change observed in an elderly individual?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, frequent urination. As people age, they may experience physiological changes that can lead to an increased frequency of urination. This is due to a decrease in bladder capacity and increased bladder irritability, which are normal age-related changes. On the contrary, the sense of taste (Choice A) and appetite (Choice B) often decrease with age, not increase. As for Choice D, the lens of the eye actually thickens with age, not thins, leading to conditions like presbyopia. Therefore, Choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

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