ATI RN
Nursing Care of Children ATI
1. At which age do most infants begin to fear strangers?
- A. 2 months
- B. 4 months
- C. 6 months
- D. 12 months
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Fear of strangers typically begins around 6 months as infants start recognizing familiar and unfamiliar faces, which is part of their social development.
2. What is a physical characteristic of infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy?
- A. Being large for gestational age
- B. Growth restriction in weight only
- C. Preterm but size appropriate for gestational age
- D. Growth restriction in weight, length, and chest and head circumference
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Growth restriction in weight, length, and chest and head circumference. Infants born to mothers who smoke during pregnancy exhibit growth failure in weight, length, chest, and head circumference. This growth failure is directly related to the number of cigarettes smoked by the mother. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because infants exposed to maternal smoking do not tend to be large for gestational age, experience growth restriction in weight only, or be preterm but size appropriate for gestational age.
3. Which type of family should the nurse recognize when a mother, her children, and a stepfather live together?
- A. Traditional nuclear
- B. Blended
- C. Extended
- D. Binuclear
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A blended family consists of a couple and their children from this and all previous relationships, including stepfamilies.
4. Where would nonpathologic cyanosis normally be present in the newborn shortly after birth?
- A. Feet and hands
- B. Bridge of nose
- C. Circumoral area
- D. Mucous membranes
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Nonpathologic cyanosis in newborns shortly after birth is typically present in the feet and hands, known as acrocyanosis. This is a normal finding due to the immature peripheral circulation in newborns. Cyanosis of the bridge of the nose, circumoral area, and mucous membranes indicates generalized cyanosis, which suggests a potential underlying distress or major abnormality. Therefore, choice A is correct as it describes the expected location for nonpathologic cyanosis in newborns, while choices B, C, and D represent areas associated with abnormal cyanosis.
5. A 3-year-old child with Hirschsprung disease is hospitalized for surgery. A temporary colostomy will be necessary. How should the nurse prepare this child?
- A. It is unnecessary because of child’s age.
- B. It is essential because it will be an adjustment.
- C. Preparation is not needed because the colostomy is temporary.
- D. Preparation is important because the child needs to deal with negative body image.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Preparation is essential even for a young child, as they need to adjust to the temporary colostomy and understand the changes to their body, which can be confusing and distressing without proper explanation.
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