Nursing Elites

1. At which age do most infants begin to fear strangers?

• A. 2 months
• B. 4 months
• C. 6 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Fear of strangers typically begins around 6 months as infants start recognizing familiar and unfamiliar faces, which is part of their social development.

2. Which disease requires strict isolation due to its mode of transmission?

• A. Mumps
• B. Chickenpox
• C. Exanthema subitum (roseola)
• D. Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is Chickenpox (choice B). Chickenpox is highly communicable and requires strict isolation to prevent the spread of the virus through direct contact, droplet transmission, and contaminated objects. Mumps (choice A) is also contagious but does not typically require strict isolation. Exanthema subitum (roseola) (choice C) and Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) (choice D) are not as highly contagious as chickenpox and do not necessitate strict isolation.

3. The clinic nurse is instructing parents about caring for a toddler with ascariasis (common roundworm). Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching?

• A. We will wash our hands often, especially after diaper changes
• B. We know that roundworm can be transmitted from person to person
• C. We will be sure to continue the nitazoxanide (Alinia) orally for 3 days
• D. We will bring a stool sample to the clinic for examination in 2 weeks

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Roundworm (ascariasis) is typically transmitted through ingestion of contaminated soil, not directly from person to person. This statement indicates a misunderstanding requiring clarification.

4. The parents of an 8-month-old infant voice concern to the nurse that their infant is not developing motor skills as the infant should. What question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining if their fears are warranted?

• A. Does the infant move a toy back and forth from one hand to the other?
• B. Is the infant able to drink from a cup by oneself?
• C. Is the infant able to hold a pencil and scribble on paper?
• D. Does the infant place toys into a box or container and take them out?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. By 8 months, an infant should be able to transfer objects between hands, which is an important motor skill milestone. This action shows coordination and developing fine motor skills. Choices B, C, and D involve more advanced motor skills that are typically not expected at 8 months of age. Drinking from a cup, holding a pencil to scribble, and engaging in purposeful play with toys are skills that develop later in infancy.

5. The nurse has completed an education program on normal communication abilities in the preschool-age child. Which statement by a participant indicates a need for further education?

• A. When my child counts numbers, it is only to 10 and we are slowly working on counting higher.
• B. I am glad to know that my 4-year-old child asking so many questions is normal.
• C. Stating his name and address is too hard for my 5-year-old child; it will be another year before he can do that.
• D. My child is finally talking in a way that most of my friends can understand her speech.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. By age 5, children should be able to state their name and address. If a child cannot do this, it may indicate a developmental delay that requires further assessment. Choices A, B, and D do not indicate a need for further education as they reflect typical developmental milestones for preschool-age children, such as gradually improving counting skills, asking many questions, and improving speech clarity over time.

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