Nursing Elites

1. At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?

• A. 4 months
• B. 6 months
• C. 8 months
• D. 12 months

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Most infants can sit steadily without support by 8 months, indicating advanced gross motor skill development.

2. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?

• A. Focus the discussion on the peer group
• B. Allow an opportunity to express feelings
• C. Use the same type of language as the adolescent
• D. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Allowing adolescents to express their feelings helps them feel heard and supported, which is crucial for effective communication.

3. According to Piaget, which principle supports a nine-year-old child's understanding that an arm will look the same when the IV is removed?

• A. The principle of conservation
• B. The principle of transductive reasoning
• C. The principle of identity
• D. The principle of reflex abilities

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, the principle of conservation. Piaget's principle of conservation relates to a child's ability to understand that certain properties of objects remain unchanged despite modifications in their appearance. In this case, the child's understanding that an arm will look the same after the IV is removed demonstrates conservation of appearance. Choice B, transductive reasoning, involves making faulty generalizations based on specific instances and does not apply in this context. Choice C, the principle of identity, pertains to recognizing objects as the same even if they undergo transformations, which is not directly relevant to the scenario. Choice D, reflex abilities, refers to automatic responses to stimuli and is unrelated to the child's understanding of the arm's appearance post-IV removal.

4. The clinic nurse is reviewing statistics on infant mortality for the United States versus other countries. Compared with other countries that have a population of at least 25 million, the nurse makes which determination?

• A. The United States is ranked last among 27 countries
• B. The United States is ranked similar to 20 other developed countries
• C. The United States is ranked in the middle of 20 other developed countries
• D. The United States is ranked highest among 27 other industrialized countries

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The United States is ranked last among developed countries with similar populations in terms of infant mortality rates, highlighting a significant public health concern.

5. When describing play by the school-aged child to a group of nursing students, the instructor would emphasize the need for which of the following?

• A. Recreation
• B. Ritualism
• C. Physical activity
• D. Rules

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rules. When discussing play in school-aged children, rules are essential as they help in structuring games and social interactions. Rules provide a framework for play, ensuring fairness and cooperation among children. Choice A, recreation, is too broad and doesn't specifically address the importance of rules in play. Choice B, ritualism, is unrelated to the concept of play in school-aged children. Choice C, physical activity, is important for overall health but doesn't capture the specific aspect of rules that are crucial in the play of school-aged children.

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