an infant with hydrocephalus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt postoperative nursing care would include what
Logo

Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children Online Practice 2019 A

1. An infant with hydrocephalus is hospitalized for surgical placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Postoperative nursing care would include what?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Postoperative nursing care for an infant with hydrocephalus who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement includes monitoring closely for signs of infection, as infection is the greatest hazard in the postoperative period. Signs of cerebrospinal fluid infection to watch for include elevated temperature, poor feeding, vomiting, decreased responsiveness, and seizure activity. The child should be placed with the operative side of the head up to reduce pressure on the valve. The shunt reservoir should not be pumped to maintain patency, as this can disrupt its function. Maintaining a Trendelenburg position to decrease pressure on the shunt is contraindicated as it can lead to increased intracranial pressure and compromise the shunt's effectiveness.

2. What clinical manifestation(s) is associated with calcium depletion (hypocalcemia)?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hypocalcemia can lead to neuromuscular irritability, causing symptoms such as muscle cramps, tetany, or seizures. Other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and weakness are less specific and can be related to various conditions.

3. The nurse is caring for a child with acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Occurs after a streptococcal infection.' Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis often occurs after an infection with certain strains of streptococcus bacteria, specifically group A streptococcus. The body’s immune response to the infection leads to inflammation and damage in the kidneys. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis is primarily associated with streptococcal infections, not urinary tract infections, renal vascular disorders, or E. coli.

4. Which is a complication that can occur after abdominal surgery if pain is not managed?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Poorly managed pain after abdominal surgery can lead to complications like atelectasis due to shallow breathing, which may occur if the child avoids deep breaths because of pain.

5. A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis during this acute phase to show?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (protein in the urine) are common findings in acute glomerulonephritis due to inflammation of the glomeruli. Bacteriuria and changes in specific gravity are not as directly associated with this condition.

Similar Questions

The mother of a child with cognitive impairment calls the nurse because her son has been gagging and drooling all morning. The nurse suspects foreign body ingestion. What physiologic occurrence is most likely responsible for the presenting signs?
The nurse is caring for a child with hypernatremia. The nurse evaluates the child for which signs and symptoms of hypernatremia? (Select all that apply.)
The parent asks when the soft area in the infant's head will go away. What is the best response by the nurse?
At which age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?
Which family theory explains how families react to stressful events and suggests factors that promote adaptation to these events?

Access More Features

ATI RN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

ATI RN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days

  • 5,000 Questions with answers
  • All ATI courses Coverage
  • 30 days access

Other Courses