Nursing Elites

1. After ileostomy, which of the following condition is NOT expected?

• A. Increased weight
• B. Irritation of skin around the stoma
• C. Liquid stool
• D. Establishment of regular bowel movement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Patient safety and efficacy of care depend on actions rooted in established nursing protocols that consider both the immediate and long-term needs of the patient.

2. According to the dietary reference intakes, what percentage of your daily calorie intake should ideally come from carbohydrates?

• A. 10-35%
• B. 20-35%
• C. 40-50%
• D. 45-65%

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Carbohydrates should ideally make up 45-65% of your total daily caloric intake, according to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). This range provides the necessary energy for bodily functions and activities. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they fall outside the recommended range for carbohydrate intake based on the DRIs.

3. The dietary guidelines for Americans recommend consuming:

• A. nutrient dense foods
• B. non-essential amino acids
• C. energy dense foods
• D. organically grown foods

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The guidelines emphasize nutrient-dense foods that provide essential vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients without excessive calories, sugars, or unhealthy fats.

4. All of the following are instructions for proper foot care to be given to a client with peripheral vascular disease caused by diabetes. Which one is not?

• A. Trim nails using a nail clipper
• B. Apply cornstarch to the foot
• C. Always check the temperature of the water before bathing
• D. Use canvas shoes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'A', which says trim nails using a nail clipper. This is incorrect because patients with peripheral vascular disease, particularly those caused by diabetes, should not trim their nails themselves due to the risk of injury, infection, and poor wound healing. The other options, 'B', 'C', and 'D', are correct advice for diabetic foot care. Applying cornstarch can help keep the feet dry and prevent fungal infections. Checking the water temperature before bathing can prevent burns, as patients with peripheral vascular disease often have decreased sensation in their feet. Wearing canvas shoes can improve foot ventilation and reduce the risk of foot ulcers and infections.

5. The nurse understands that malnutrition is a prevalent issue among hospitalized individuals. What is it commonly associated with?

• A. Decreased health care expenses
• B. Elevated blood pressure
• C. Decreased mortality rates
• D. A compromised immune system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Malnutrition is often associated with a weakened immune system. This is because when the body is not sufficiently nourished, it lacks the necessary nutrients to maintain a well-functioning immune system, making patients more vulnerable to infections and other health complications. This can potentially increase mortality rates and prolong hospital stays, contrary to choice C. Choices A and B are incorrect as malnutrition does not lead to decreased health care costs or high blood pressure. In fact, it may increase health care costs due to the potential for increased complications and extended hospital stays.

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