a teen with asthma asks the nurse why it is hard to breathe during an asthma attack the nurse explains that exposure to a trigger results in which of
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

RN Nursing Care of Children 2019 With NGN

1. A teen with asthma asks the nurse why it is hard to breathe during an asthma attack. The nurse explains that exposure to a “trigger” results in which of these manifestations?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Asthma triggers cause bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, and increased mucus production, leading to difficulty breathing. This combination of manifestations results in narrowing of the airways, making it hard for the individual to breathe effectively. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because during an asthma attack, bronchodilation, muscle relaxation, and decreased mucus production do not occur. Instead, the airways constrict, become inflamed, and produce excess mucus, contributing to the breathing difficulties experienced by individuals with asthma.

2. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-school program about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Childhood obesity is the most common nutritional problem in children, with significant implications for long-term health, including the risk of developing chronic diseases.

3. The nurse needs to start an intravenous (IV) line on an 8-year-old child to begin administering intravenous antibiotics. The child starts to cry and tells the nurse, "Do it later, okay?" What action should the nurse take?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Starting the IV as planned while allowing the child to express feelings afterward helps build trust and ensures the timely administration of necessary antibiotics. Delaying the procedure or changing the route could compromise the child's treatment.

4. Which condition is characterized by a "barking" cough in children?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Croup is the correct answer. It is characterized by a distinctive "barking" cough, typically worse at night, caused by the inflammation of the upper airway, specifically the larynx and trachea. Asthma (Choice A) typically presents with wheezing and shortness of breath rather than a barking cough. Bronchiolitis (Choice B) commonly causes wheezing and respiratory distress in infants and young children. Pneumonia (Choice D) often presents with symptoms like fever, productive cough, and chest pain, but not typically a barking cough.

5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure atraumatic care?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Allowing the child to make choices, such as selecting the type of juice, helps to maintain a sense of control and reduce anxiety, ensuring atraumatic care.

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