Nursing Elites

1. A provider is discharging a client with a prescription for home oxygen therapy. Client and family teaching by the nurse should include all of the following instructions except?

• A. Cleanse the mask or collar with soapy water every other day.
• B. Ensure that the straps on the mask are secure but not too tight.
• C. Apply petroleum jelly around and inside the nares.
• D. Post 'no smoking' warning signs at home in a prominent location.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When providing instructions for home oxygen therapy, it is important to ensure safety and proper care. Choices A, B, and D are all essential instructions for the client and family. Choice C, 'Apply petroleum jelly around and inside the nares,' is incorrect. Petroleum jelly should not be used near oxygen sources as it is flammable and can increase the risk of fire hazard. Therefore, this instruction should not be included in the teaching.

2. A client with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is experiencing muscle pain or cramping during physical activity that resolves with rest. Which of the following symptoms is typically the initial reason clients with PAD seek medical attention?

• A. Intermittent claudication
• B. Dependent rubor
• C. Rest pain
• D. Foot ulcers

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Intermittent claudication. Intermittent claudication, which manifests as muscle pain or cramping during physical activity that improves with rest, is typically the initial reason clients with PAD seek medical attention. Dependent rubor, rest pain, and foot ulcers are more advanced symptoms of PAD and are not usually the initial reasons for seeking medical care.

3. A nurse is caring for a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The client is on airborne precautions and is being treated with multidrug therapy. A chest x-ray is scheduled for the client. Which of the following is not a precaution the nurse should take to safely transport the client to x-ray?

• A. Ask the x-ray technician to come to the client's room to perform a portable x-ray.
• B. Have the client wear a mask.
• C. Notify the x-ray department that the client is on airborne precautions.
• D. Wear a filtration mask and gloves for protection against the client's microorganisms.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to ask the x-ray technician to come to the client's room to perform a portable x-ray. This option minimizes the risk of exposing other individuals to the client's infectious microorganisms during transport. Having the client wear a mask (Choice B) and notifying the x-ray department about airborne precautions (Choice C) are crucial precautions to prevent the spread of infection. Additionally, wearing a filtration mask and gloves (Choice D) is essential for the nurse's protection when in direct contact with the client, but it is not directly related to transporting the client to the x-ray department.

4. A client comes to the emergency department reporting chest pain that is sharp, knife-like, and localized to an area he points to with one finger. The nurse should document this chest pain as which of the following?

• A. Angina pectoris
• B. Cardiogenic pain
• C. Myocardial infarction
• D. Pleuritic pain

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Pleuritic pain.' Pleuritic pain is characterized by sharp, knife-like pain that worsens with deep breathing or coughing and is localized to a specific area. This type of pain is often associated with inflammation of the pleura. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Angina pectoris is a type of chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. Cardiogenic pain refers to pain originating from the heart itself. Myocardial infarction is the medical term for a heart attack.

5. A client is receiving oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. The nurse should explain that this method of oxygen delivery does which of the following?

• A. Delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly
• B. Delivers a high concentration of oxygen
• C. Delivers a low concentration of oxygen
• D. Restricts the client's ability to eat, speak, or drink

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A nasal cannula is a device used for delivering supplemental oxygen to patients. It delivers a specific concentration of oxygen constantly, typically ranging from 1-6 liters per minute. This method is effective for patients who require low to moderate levels of oxygen. Choices B and C are incorrect because a nasal cannula does not deliver a high concentration of oxygen and is not considered a low concentration delivery method. Choice D is incorrect because a nasal cannula does not restrict the client's ability to eat, speak, or drink; it allows them to perform these activities while receiving oxygen therapy.

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