a patient who is in renal failure partially loses the ability to regulate changes in ph because the kidneys
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Nursing Elites

ATI RN

Fluid and Electrolytes ATI

1. A patient who is in renal failure partially loses the ability to regulate changes in pH because the kidneys:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. In renal failure, the kidneys lose the ability to regulate pH by controlling bicarbonate levels in the extracellular fluid (ECF). The kidneys can regenerate and reabsorb bicarbonate ions to maintain a stable pH. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the kidneys do not primarily regulate or reabsorb carbonic acid, buffer acids through electrolyte changes, or combine carbonic acid and bicarbonate to maintain pH. The key function of the kidneys in maintaining pH balance lies in the control of bicarbonate levels.

2. What is the fluid inside the cell called?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Intracellular fluid.' Intracellular fluid refers to the fluid contained within the cells, constituting a significant portion of the body's total water content. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Plasma is the liquid component of blood outside the cells, interstitial fluid is the fluid surrounding cells in tissues, and the combination of plasma and intracellular fluid is not the specific term for the fluid inside the cell.

3. You are performing an admission assessment on an older adult patient newly admitted for end-stage liver disease. What principle should guide your assessment of the patients skin turgor?

Correct answer: C

Rationale:

4. While assessing a clients peripheral IV site, the nurse observes a streak of red along the vein path and palpates a 4-cm venous cord. How should the nurse document this finding?

Correct answer: A

Rationale:

5. Where is the largest volume of water in the body located?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The largest volume of water in the body is found inside the cells, known as intracellular fluid. This fluid makes up the majority of the body's total water content. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while plasma, interstitial fluid, and lymph are important components of the body's fluid compartments, they do not contain the largest volume of water in the body.

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