Nursing Elites

1. A patient is on contact precautions for an infection. What is the most important action for the nurse to take?

• A. Wear gloves when entering the patient's room.
• B. Place the patient in a private room.
• C. Use a dedicated blood pressure cuff for the patient.
• D. Dispose of all equipment in a biohazard bag.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most important action for the nurse to take when caring for a patient on contact precautions is to wear gloves when entering the patient's room. This is crucial in preventing the spread of infection from the patient to the healthcare provider and vice versa. Placing the patient in a private room may be necessary for airborne precautions but is not specifically related to contact precautions. Using a dedicated blood pressure cuff for the patient is important for preventing cross-contamination but is not the most critical action. Disposing of equipment in a biohazard bag is a standard procedure but is not the most important action in this scenario.

2. A school nurse is providing care for students in an elementary education facility. Which of the following interventions by the nurse addresses the primary level of prevention?

• A. Design interventions for a student's individual education plan (IEP).
• B. Teach students about healthy food choices.
• C. Perform first aid for minor injuries.
• D. Perform scoliosis screenings for students.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because teaching students about healthy food choices is a primary prevention strategy that aims to prevent future health issues by promoting healthy behaviors. Choice A, designing interventions for an individual education plan (IEP), is more related to addressing specific educational needs rather than preventing health issues. Choice C, performing first aid for minor injuries, is a form of secondary prevention aimed at reducing the impact of existing health problems. Choice D, performing scoliosis screenings for students, falls under secondary prevention by detecting health issues early rather than preventing them.

3. A patient with a urinary catheter reports discomfort. What is the nurse's priority action?

• A. Ensure the catheter tubing is not kinked.
• B. Irrigate the catheter to relieve the discomfort.
• C. Change the catheter to a smaller size.
• D. Remove the catheter and replace it with a new one.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to ensure the catheter tubing is not kinked. This is the priority action because a kinked tubing can obstruct urine flow, leading to discomfort and potential complications. It is essential to troubleshoot the current catheter first before considering other interventions. Irrigating the catheter (Choice B) may not address the underlying issue of kinking. Changing the catheter to a smaller size (Choice C) or removing and replacing it with a new one (Choice D) should only be considered if ensuring the tubing is unkinked does not resolve the discomfort.

4. A patient with diabetes is admitted with high blood sugar levels. What is the nurse's priority intervention?

• A. Administer insulin as prescribed.
• B. Encourage the patient to exercise regularly.
• C. Encourage the patient to drink water.
• D. Provide the patient with a low-sugar diet.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering insulin is the priority intervention for a patient admitted with high blood sugar levels because it helps lower the blood sugar levels effectively and rapidly. Insulin is a crucial medication for managing hyperglycemia in diabetes. Encouraging exercise (choice B) can be beneficial in the long term for managing blood sugar levels but is not the most immediate priority. While staying hydrated (choice C) is important, it is not the priority intervention when dealing with high blood sugar levels. Providing a low-sugar diet (choice D) is essential for long-term diabetes management but is not the immediate action needed to address high blood sugar levels in an admitted patient.

5. A nurse is using the ecologic model for population health to develop interventions to address HIV in a community. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include to address financial factors affecting community health?

• A. Have adolescents lead peer discussions in schools about safe sexual practices
• B. Distribute condoms through remote community clinics
• C. Create commercial advertisements describing the long-term effects of HIV
• D. Include information about perinatal HIV transmission at prenatal education classes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Distributing condoms addresses financial barriers by providing access to essential protective measures in remote areas. Choice A focuses on education rather than direct intervention related to financial factors. Choice C involves advertising and not a direct intervention to address financial factors. Choice D pertains to education about HIV transmission rather than directly addressing financial barriers affecting community health.

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