Nursing Elites

1. A client who is interested in smoking cessation receives teaching from a nurse. Which statements should the nurse include in this teaching? (Select ONE that does not apply)

• A. Find an activity that you enjoy and that will keep your hands busy.
• B. Keep healthy snacks on hand to nibble on.
• C. Identify reasons for quitting smoking.
• D. Make a list of reasons for quitting smoking.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When teaching a client interested in smoking cessation, the nurse should include advice to find an activity that keeps hands busy to help distract from smoking urges, keep healthy snacks on hand to manage oral cravings, and drink at least 8 glasses of water daily to aid in flushing out toxins. Making a list of reasons for quitting smoking is also beneficial to reinforce motivation. It is important to avoid punitive measures or punishments for relapses as this can negatively impact the client's progress.

2. A client with tuberculosis is starting combination drug therapy. Which of the following medications should the nurse NOT plan to administer?

• A. Rifampin
• B. Isoniazid
• C. Acyclovir
• D. Pyrazinamide

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes virus infections, not tuberculosis. Rifampin, Isoniazid, and Pyrazinamide are all commonly used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Therefore, the nurse should not plan to administer Acyclovir to a client with tuberculosis.

3. A client develops a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement first?

• A. Give morphine IV.
• B. Administer oxygen therapy.
• C. Start an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's.
• D. Initiate cardiac monitoring.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Administering oxygen therapy is the priority intervention for a client with a pulmonary embolism. Oxygen helps improve oxygenation levels and decrease the workload on the heart. It is crucial to ensure adequate oxygenation before other interventions are initiated. Morphine IV, starting an IV infusion of lactated Ringer's, and initiating cardiac monitoring are important interventions but come after ensuring adequate oxygenation.

4. A nurse is interested in providing community education and screening on hypertension. In order to reach a priority population, to what target audience should the nurse provide this service?

• A. African American churches
• B. Asian American groceries
• C. High school sports camps
• D. Women's health clinics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is African American churches. African Americans in the United States have one of the highest rates of hypertension globally. By providing services at African American churches, the nurse can effectively reach this priority population. While hypertension education and screening are essential for all groups, African Americans are the priority population for this intervention due to their disproportionately high rates of hypertension.

5. When caring for an older adult client with a pulmonary infection, what action should the nurse take first?

• A. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
• B. Assess the client's level of consciousness.
• C. Raise the head of the bed to at least 45 degrees.
• D. Provide the client with humidified oxygen.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Assessing the client's level of consciousness is the priority because it provides crucial information on the client's neurological status and response to the infection. Changes in consciousness can indicate deterioration or improvement in the client's condition, guiding further interventions and treatment.

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