Nursing Elites

1. When teaching a parent of a child with contact dermatitis, which instruction should the nurse include?

• A. Apply a thick layer of antibiotic ointment to the affected area.
• B. Rub the skin vigorously with a towel to dry it.
• C. Keep the child's skin dry.
• D. Apply a thin layer of corticosteroid cream to the affected area.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct instruction for a child with contact dermatitis is to apply a thin layer of corticosteroid cream to the affected area. Corticosteroid cream helps reduce inflammation and itching associated with contact dermatitis. It is important to avoid using antibiotic ointment or rubbing the skin vigorously, as these can worsen the condition. Keeping the child's skin dry is generally a good practice, but in the case of contact dermatitis, corticosteroid cream application is more beneficial.

2. During a developmental screening, a 4-year-old child is asked to perform a task. Which of the following tasks should the nurse expect the child to perform?

• A. Draw a stick figure with seven body parts
• B. Draw a circle
• C. Identify right from left hand
• D. Tie their shoelaces

Correct answer: B

Rationale: At 4 years old, children are typically able to draw a circle, which is a developmental milestone for their age. Drawing a stick figure with specific body parts might be beyond their developmental level, identifying right from left hand can be challenging, and tying shoelaces requires more advanced motor skills.

3. A parent of a child with celiac disease is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

• A. You should give your child vitamin supplements that contain iron.
• B. Your child will need a gluten-free diet.
• C. Your child should consume large amounts of dietary fiber.
• D. Your child can resume eating whole wheat bread.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Celiac disease requires a strict gluten-free diet to manage the condition effectively. Gluten-containing foods like wheat, barley, and rye must be avoided to prevent intestinal damage and symptoms in individuals with celiac disease. Therefore, the nurse should emphasize the importance of a gluten-free diet to the parent of the child with celiac disease.

4. What type of mode best describes Kasey's approach when meeting with the principal to change the cafeteria to better accommodate her client with difficulty eating in a noisy and distracting environment?

• A. Collaborating
• B. Instructing
• C. Advocating
• D. Encouraging

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Advocating best describes Kasey's approach in this scenario. Advocating involves presenting stories, research, and ideas to support and champion for a specific cause or individual, in this case, advocating for changes to better meet the child's needs in the cafeteria. Collaborating involves working together with others towards a common goal, instructing involves providing guidance or directions, and encouraging involves giving support or motivation, none of which fully capture Kasey's proactive and supportive advocacy actions in this context.

5. In the management of heart failure, which diuretic is preferred due to its demonstrated significant mortality reduction in patients with heart failure?

• A. Furosemide (Lasix)
• B. Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)
• C. Spironolactone (Aldactone)
• D. Mannitol (Osmitrol)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, is the preferred choice in heart failure due to its cardio-protective effect, leading to reduced mortality in patients with heart failure. It is used to manage both hypertension and edema, making it a valuable option in heart failure treatment.

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