a nurse is teaching a client who has a urinary tract infection uti and is taking ciprofloxacin which of the following instructions should the nurse gi

ATI RN

Proctored Pharmacology ATI

1. A client with a urinary tract infection (UTI) is prescribed ciprofloxacin. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client?

A. If the medication causes an upset stomach, take an antacid at the same time.
B. Increase your daily fluid intake while taking this medication.
C. This medication can cause photophobia, so avoid direct sunlight exposure.
D. You should report any tendon discomfort you experience while taking this medication.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Tendon discomfort is a potential side effect of ciprofloxacin that can lead to tendon rupture and should be reported immediately to prevent serious complications. Monitoring for this adverse effect is crucial for patient safety. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because: A) Taking an antacid with ciprofloxacin can interfere with its absorption. B) Increasing fluid intake is generally a good recommendation but not specifically related to the side effects of ciprofloxacin. C) Photophobia is not a common side effect of ciprofloxacin; therefore, avoiding direct sunlight exposure is not necessary.

2. What is the action of Nitroglycerin?

A. Dilates the Bronchi
B. Reduces Blood Glucose
C. Reduces Nausea
D. Dilates Coronary Arteries

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Nitroglycerin acts by dilating the coronary arteries, leading to increased blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart. This helps in relieving angina symptoms by reducing the heart's workload and improving blood supply to the myocardium. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because Nitroglycerin's primary action is not related to dilating bronchi, reducing blood glucose, or reducing nausea.

3. A client is starting a new prescription for enalapril. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A. Take the medication with food.
B. Rise slowly from a sitting position.
C. Avoid salt substitutes.
D. Avoid exposure to sunlight.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client starting enalapril is to avoid salt substitutes. Salt substitutes may contain potassium, which could lead to elevated potassium levels when combined with enalapril, increasing the risk of hyperkalemia. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because there is no specific need to take enalapril with food, rise slowly from a sitting position, or avoid exposure to sunlight when taking this medication.

4. Medications classified as angiotensin II receptor agents typically end in?

A. Sartan
B. Ase
C. Olol
D. Pril

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Angiotensin II receptor agents belong to the drug class called angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The generic names of ARBs usually end in -sartan, helping to identify this specific class of medications. Therefore, medications that end in -sartan are likely to be angiotensin II receptor agents. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because drugs ending in -ase (like streptokinase), -olol (like propranolol), and -pril (like lisinopril) typically belong to different drug classes with distinct mechanisms of action.

5. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Atenolol. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to monitor?

A. Tachycardia
B. Hypoglycemia
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can cause bradycardia as an adverse effect. The client should monitor their pulse regularly and report any significant decreases.