ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2019 B
1. A client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should expect dark tarry stools.
- B. I should expect increased bruising.
- C. I will not get as many infections.
- D. I will expect the color of my urine to be amber.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. When taking ferrous sulfate, dark tarry stools can occur as a common side effect due to the iron content in the medication. This is a normal response to the medication and not a cause for concern. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because increased bruising, reduced infections, and amber-colored urine are not expected side effects of ferrous sulfate.
2. A healthcare provider is assessing a client who has carpal tunnel syndrome. The provider should expect which of the following findings?
- A. Positive Chvostek's sign
- B. Cool extremities
- C. Positive Phalen's sign
- D. Decreased radial pulse
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Phalen's sign is often positive in clients with carpal tunnel syndrome due to nerve compression. Chvostek's sign (Choice A) is related to hypocalcemia, cool extremities (Choice B) are not typically associated with carpal tunnel syndrome, and decreased radial pulse (Choice D) is not a common finding in carpal tunnel syndrome.
3. What are the clinical signs of hyperglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus, and how should a nurse respond?
- A. Monitoring blood glucose levels and administering insulin
- B. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
- C. Fatigue, blurred vision, and fruity breath
- D. Educating the patient on blood glucose monitoring
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct signs of hyperglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus are polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (excessive thirst), and polyphagia (excessive hunger). These symptoms indicate high blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct response for a nurse would be to recognize these signs, monitor blood glucose levels, and administer insulin to manage the hyperglycemia. Choice A is incorrect because it only addresses the response aspect without mentioning the signs. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the classic clinical signs of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus.
4. A nurse is caring for a patient postoperatively after a thyroidectomy. Which of the following findings should be reported immediately?
- A. Hoarseness
- B. Difficulty swallowing
- C. Numbness in the fingers
- D. Tingling around the mouth
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Tingling around the mouth should be reported immediately as it may indicate hypocalcemia, a serious complication resulting from accidental removal or damage to the parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy. Hoarseness and difficulty swallowing are common post-thyroidectomy symptoms related to the surgery itself and the manipulation of the vocal cords and nearby structures. Numbness in the fingers is not typically associated with immediate serious complications of a thyroidectomy.
5. A nurse is assigned to care for four clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- A. A client with chest pain and shortness of breath
- B. A client with a fever of 100°F
- C. A client scheduled for surgery
- D. A client with stable vital signs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Chest pain and shortness of breath are symptoms that could indicate a life-threatening condition such as a heart attack or pulmonary embolism. Therefore, this client should be assessed first to ensure prompt intervention and treatment. Choice B, a client with a fever of 100°F, may indicate an infection but is not immediately life-threatening compared to the symptoms of chest pain and shortness of breath. Choice C, a client scheduled for surgery, is not an immediate priority unless there are specific preoperative assessments or interventions required. Choice D, a client with stable vital signs, does not indicate an urgent need for assessment compared to the client with chest pain and shortness of breath.
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