ATI RN
ATI Capstone Medical Surgical Assessment 2 Quizlet
1. A nurse is assigned to care for four clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- A. A client with chest pain and shortness of breath
- B. A client with a fever of 100°F
- C. A client scheduled for surgery
- D. A client with stable vital signs
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Chest pain and shortness of breath are symptoms that could indicate a life-threatening condition such as a heart attack or pulmonary embolism. Therefore, this client should be assessed first to ensure prompt intervention and treatment. Choice B, a client with a fever of 100°F, may indicate an infection but is not immediately life-threatening compared to the symptoms of chest pain and shortness of breath. Choice C, a client scheduled for surgery, is not an immediate priority unless there are specific preoperative assessments or interventions required. Choice D, a client with stable vital signs, does not indicate an urgent need for assessment compared to the client with chest pain and shortness of breath.
2. A patient prescribed warfarin is being taught about dietary restrictions by a healthcare provider. Which of the following foods should the patient be instructed to limit?
- A. Bananas
- B. Spinach
- C. Potatoes
- D. Apples
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Spinach. Spinach is high in vitamin K, which can interfere with the effectiveness of warfarin, an anticoagulant medication. Patients taking warfarin should limit foods high in vitamin K to maintain the medication's effectiveness and consistent dosage. Bananas, potatoes, and apples are not high in vitamin K and do not typically interfere with warfarin therapy.
3. A nurse manager is teaching a group of staff members about proper body mechanics. Which of the following statements by a staff member indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should get assistance when lifting more than 35 pounds
- B. I will twist at my waist when moving an object
- C. I should hold objects 1 ft away from my body when I walk
- D. I will roll my shoulders forward to reduce strain on my back
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer because lifting more than 35 pounds without assistance can cause injury, so getting help is crucial for proper body mechanics. Choice B is incorrect as twisting at the waist can lead to back injuries. Choice C is incorrect as holding objects closer to the body, not 1 ft away, is recommended to reduce strain. Choice D is incorrect as rolling shoulders forward can increase strain on the back instead of reducing it.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about foods that are included on a clear liquid diet. Which of the following food choices made by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. Gelatin
- B. Broth
- C. Popsicle
- D. Yogurt
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Yogurt. Yogurt is not part of a clear liquid diet. A clear liquid diet includes transparent or translucent liquids such as gelatin, broth, and popsicles. Yogurt is a thicker consistency and contains solid particles, making it inappropriate for a clear liquid diet. Choices A, B, and C are suitable options for a client following a clear liquid diet.
5. Which of the following clients requiring crutches should a nurse teach about how to use a three-point gait?
- A. A client who has a right femur fracture with no weight-bearing on the affected leg
- B. A client who has bilateral leg braces due to paralysis of the lower extremities
- C. A client who has bilateral knee replacements with partial weight-bearing on both legs
- D. A client who is able to bear full weight on both lower extremities
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A three-point gait is recommended for clients who are non-weight bearing on one leg. In this case, a client with a right femur fracture requiring no weight-bearing on the affected leg would benefit from learning how to use a three-point gait. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they involve clients who have varying degrees of weight-bearing ability on both legs, which would not require the use of a three-point gait.
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