Nursing Elites

1. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for amoxicillin clavulanate to treat pharyngitis. Which statement indicates understanding?

• A. I will double my dose if I miss one
• B. I should take this medication on an empty stomach between meals
• C. I will take the medication until my sore throat goes away
• D. I will stop taking this medication if I develop itching

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The client should never double the dose if a dose is missed. This can lead to an overdose, which can cause serious adverse effects. Instead, the client should take the next dose as scheduled or consult the provider for guidance.

2. A client undergoing chemotherapy expresses concern about hair loss. What should the nurse suggest?

• A. Encourage the client to cut their hair short before chemotherapy.
• B. Provide resources for wigs or hairpieces.
• C. Assure the client that hair loss will be minimal.
• D. Offer the client medication to reduce the chances of hair loss.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing wigs and other coping resources helps clients manage the emotional effects of chemotherapy-related hair loss. Encouraging the client to cut their hair short before chemotherapy (Choice A) is not necessary as hair loss may still occur. Assuring the client that hair loss will be minimal (Choice C) may provide false hope as hair loss is a common side effect of chemotherapy. Offering medication to reduce hair loss (Choice D) is not a typical approach as chemotherapy-related hair loss is often an expected side effect that cannot be entirely prevented with medication.

3. When teaching a patient about self-administration of insulin, what is the most important instruction to provide?

• A. Rotate injection sites to prevent tissue damage.
• B. Inject insulin at a 90-degree angle for proper absorption.
• C. Store insulin in the refrigerator to maintain potency.
• D. Teach the patient to administer insulin at the same time each day.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most important instruction to provide when teaching a patient about self-administration of insulin is to rotate injection sites to prevent tissue damage. Rotating injection sites helps prevent lipodystrophy (tissue damage) and ensures proper insulin absorption. Option B is incorrect because the angle of insulin injection varies depending on the patient's body composition. Injecting at a 90-degree angle is not always necessary. Option C is not the most crucial instruction; while storing insulin in the refrigerator is important, it is not the priority when teaching self-administration. Option D is also important for maintaining consistency but is not as critical as rotating injection sites to prevent tissue damage.

4. A family was referred to crisis intervention services after a natural disaster. One family member refuses to attend, stating, 'No way, I'm not crazy.' What is the nurse's best response?

• A. Don't worry now. The psychiatrists are well trained to help.
• B. Many times, disasters can create mental health problems, so you really should participate with your family.
• C. This will help your family communicate better.
• D. Seeking this kind of help does not mean that you have a mental illness; it is a short-term problem-solving technique.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The nurse should reassure the family member that seeking help does not imply mental illness, but is part of coping with the disaster.

5. What are the common side effects of opioid analgesics, and how should they be managed?

• A. Drowsiness and dizziness, ensuring safety precautions
• B. Respiratory depression, ensuring adequate ventilation
• C. Constipation and nausea, managed with stool softeners
• D. Nausea and vomiting, managing with antiemetics

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Common side effects of opioid analgesics include drowsiness and dizziness. These side effects can impair a person's ability to operate machinery or drive safely. To manage these side effects, it is essential to advise patients to avoid activities that require alertness until they know how the medication affects them. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because respiratory depression, constipation, and nausea are also common side effects of opioids, but they are not the primary side effects being asked for in this question.

Similar Questions