a nurse is reviewing laboratory data for a client who has chronic kidney disease which of the following findings should the nurse expect

ATI RN

ATI Fundamentals Proctored Exam

1. A healthcare professional is reviewing laboratory data for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?

A. Increased creatinine.
B. Increased hemoglobin.
C. Increased bicarbonate.
D. Increased calcium.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In chronic kidney disease, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter waste products from the blood, leading to an accumulation of creatinine. Creatinine levels are commonly elevated in individuals with impaired kidney function, making it a key indicator of kidney health. Therefore, an increased creatinine level would be an expected finding in a client with chronic kidney disease.

2. Which natural body defense plays an active role in preventing infection?

A. Yawning
B. Body hair
C. Hiccupping
D. Rapid eye movements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Body hair plays an active role in preventing infection by acting as a filter to block pathogens. It helps to prevent harmful substances from entering the body through the skin, providing a physical barrier against potential infections.

3. What is the best description of Back Care?

A. Caring for the back by means of massage
B. Washing the back
C. Applying a cold compress to the back
D. Applying a hot compress to the back

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Caring for the back by means of massage. Back Care involves activities like massage, exercises, maintaining proper posture, and using ergonomic practices to keep the spine healthy and prevent injuries. While washing the back is a hygiene practice, applying cold or hot compresses may provide relief for back pain but do not encompass the comprehensive approach of back care like massage does.

4. A nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse on the purpose of administering vecuronium to a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates understanding of the teaching?

A. This medication is given to treat infection.
B. This medication is given to facilitate ventilation.
C. This medication is given to decrease inflammation.
D. This medication is given to reduce anxiety.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vecuronium is a neuromuscular blocking agent that is used to facilitate ventilation by inducing muscle paralysis, which can help improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS. It does not treat infection, decrease inflammation, or reduce anxiety. Understanding the purpose of vecuronium administration is crucial for providing safe and effective care to patients with respiratory distress.

5. Which of the following vascular system changes result from aging?

A. Increased peripheral resistance of the blood vessels
B. Decreased blood flow
C. Increased workload of the left ventricle
D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: As individuals age, various changes occur in the vascular system. These changes include increased peripheral resistance of the blood vessels, decreased blood flow, and an increased workload of the left ventricle. Therefore, all the listed changes result from aging, making option D, 'All of the above,' the correct answer.