Nursing Elites

1. A client has been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which dietary restriction should the nurse emphasize during discharge instructions?

• A. Avoid foods high in potassium.
• B. Avoid foods high in calcium.
• C. Avoid foods high in tyramine.
• D. Avoid foods high in sodium.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Avoid foods high in tyramine. Clients taking MAOIs should avoid foods high in tyramine to prevent hypertensive crisis. Tyramine is found in aged, fermented, or spoiled foods. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because potassium, calcium, and sodium restrictions are not specifically required for clients taking MAOIs.

2. Which of the following interventions should be implemented for a client with anorexia nervosa? Select one that does not apply.

• A. Monitor daily caloric intake and weight
• B. Establish a structured eating plan
• C. Encourage the client to exercise
• D. Provide liquid supplements as prescribed

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Interventions for a client with anorexia nervosa include monitoring daily caloric intake and weight, establishing a structured eating plan, providing liquid supplements as prescribed, and offering rewards for weight gain. However, encouraging the client to exercise is not appropriate as it may exacerbate the condition by increasing caloric expenditure and reinforcing unhealthy behaviors associated with the disorder. Exercise may further contribute to excessive weight loss and worsen the client's physical health in the context of anorexia nervosa.

3. A client has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder and expresses worrying about their job, family, and health, feeling a loss of control. What should the nurse do first?

• A. Administer a prescribed antianxiety medication.
• B. Encourage the client to attend a support group.
• C. Identify triggers of the client's anxiety.
• D. Teach the client deep breathing techniques.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The initial step for the nurse is to teach the client deep breathing techniques to aid in managing anxiety symptoms. Deep breathing exercises can help the client relax, reduce anxiety levels, and regain a sense of control. This intervention is non-invasive, empowering the client to develop a coping strategy for immediate use when feeling overwhelmed by anxiety. Administering medication (Choice A) should not be the first action unless the client is in severe distress. Encouraging attendance at a support group (Choice B) and identifying triggers of anxiety (Choice C) are important but teaching coping strategies like deep breathing comes first to help the client feel more in control of managing their anxiety.

4. An individual who has survived incest and is receiving treatment at the mental health clinic feels relief upon understanding that her anxiety and depression are:

• A. Going to be eradicated with treatment
• B. Normal and will soon pass
• C. Abnormal but will pass
• D. A normal reaction to posttraumatic events

Correct answer: D

Rationale: It is important to recognize that anxiety and depression are common responses to traumatic events like incest. Understanding that these feelings are normal reactions can help validate the individual's experiences and reduce stigma. By acknowledging that anxiety and depression are expected outcomes of posttraumatic events, the mental health clinic can provide appropriate support and treatment to help the survivor cope and heal. Therefore, option D is the correct choice as it reflects a compassionate and informed approach to addressing the survivor's emotional struggles.

5. Which of the following is a common side effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)?

• A. Hypotension
• B. Sexual dysfunction
• C. Increased appetite
• D. Tachycardia

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a commonly reported side effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs can affect sexual function by causing issues such as decreased libido, delayed ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, or anorgasmia. Patients should be educated about these potential side effects when starting SSRIs to facilitate informed decision-making and appropriate management strategies. Incorrect Choices: A) Hypotension is not a common side effect of SSRIs. C) Increased appetite is not a common side effect of SSRIs. D) Tachycardia is not a common side effect of SSRIs.

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