a nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a new prescription for allopurinol which of the following instructions should the nurs

ATI RN

ATI Pharmacology Quizlet

1. A client has a new prescription for Allopurinol. Which of the following instructions should be included by the healthcare provider?

A. Take this medication at bedtime.
B. Increase your fluid intake.
C. Avoid foods high in calcium.
D. Take this medication with meals.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Allopurinol can increase the risk of kidney stones as a side effect. To prevent this adverse effect, it is essential for the client to increase their fluid intake. Adequate hydration can help in preventing the formation of kidney stones by keeping urine dilute and flushing out substances that can lead to stone formation.

2. When educating a client who has a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide, which of the following statements should the nurse include?

A. Take this medication in the morning.
B. You may need to increase your intake of potassium.
C. This medication may cause drowsiness.
D. Avoid consuming grapefruit.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct statement to include when educating a client with a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide is that they may need to increase their intake of potassium. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that can lead to potassium loss. Monitoring potassium levels and increasing potassium intake if necessary can help prevent complications associated with hypokalemia. Option A is not directly related to the medication's specific instructions. Option C is incorrect as Hydrochlorothiazide typically does not cause drowsiness. Option D is unrelated, as there is no interaction between Hydrochlorothiazide and grapefruit.

3. What is one of the therapeutic uses of Valproate?

A. Suppression of seizure activity
B. Replacement of hypothyroidism to restore normal hormone balance
C. Maintenance of blood glucose
D. Lowering of blood pressure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Valproate, also known as Valproic acid, is commonly used in medicine for the suppression of seizure activity. It is an anticonvulsant medication that helps manage and prevent seizures in various conditions such as epilepsy. While it is not used for replacing hypothyroidism, maintaining blood glucose levels, or lowering blood pressure, its primary therapeutic use is in managing seizures.

4. A nurse in a clinic is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should contact the provider about a potential contraindication to a medication for which of the following clients? (Select all that apply.)

A. A client at 8 weeks of gestation who asks for an Influenza immunization
B. A client who takes Prednisone and has a possible Fungal infection
C. A client who has chronic liver disease and is taking Hydrocodone
D. A client who has Peptic Ulcer Disease, takes Sucralfate, and tells the nurse she has started taking OTC Aluminum Hydroxide

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Prednisone, a glucocorticoid, should not be taken by a client who has a possible systemic fungal infection as it can worsen the infection. This combination can suppress the immune response, allowing the fungal infection to proliferate. Therefore, the nurse should contact the provider regarding this potential contraindication to medication. The other options do not present a contraindication related to the medication interactions described in the question.

5. Which of the following conditions is not treated with Nifedipine?

A. Angina
B. Arrhythmias
C. Hypertension
D. Fluid retention

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker primarily used in the management of angina and hypertension. It is not typically used to treat arrhythmias or fluid retention. Angina is chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart, and hypertension is high blood pressure. Therefore, fluid retention is the condition that is not treated with Nifedipine.