a nurse is monitoring a group of clients for increased risk for developing pneumonia which of the following clients should the nurse not expect to be

ATI RN

ATI Fundamentals

1. A healthcare professional is monitoring a group of clients for increased risk of developing pneumonia. Which of the following clients should the healthcare professional NOT expect to be at risk?

A. Client who has dysphagia
B. Client who has AIDS
C. Client who was vaccinated for pneumococcus and influenza 6 months ago
D. Client who has a closed head injury and is receiving ventilation

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A client who was vaccinated for pneumococcus and influenza 6 months ago would have a reduced risk of developing pneumonia compared to those who have not been vaccinated. Vaccination helps protect individuals from specific pathogens, thereby lowering the risk of infection. Clients with dysphagia, AIDS, or a closed head injury and receiving ventilation are at higher risk for pneumonia due to compromised immunity, respiratory function, or protective airway reflexes, respectively.

2. What is the most common injury among elderly persons?

A. Atherosclerotic changes in the blood vessels
B. Increased incidence of gallbladder disease
C. Urinary Tract Infection
D. Hip fracture

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Hip fracture is the most common injury among elderly persons. As people age, their bones become more fragile, making them more susceptible to hip fractures, often resulting from falls. These fractures can significantly impact an elderly person's quality of life and mobility, making them a significant concern in geriatric care.

3. What is the primary goal of performing a bed bath?

A. To cleanse, refresh, and provide comfort to the client who must remain in bed
B. To expose the necessary parts of the body
C. To develop skills in bed bath
D. To check the body temperature of the client in bed

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary goal of performing a bed bath is to cleanse, refresh, and provide comfort to clients who are unable to leave their bed. This helps maintain their hygiene, promotes skin health, and enhances their overall well-being. Choice B is incorrect as the primary purpose is not to expose body parts but to provide hygiene and comfort. Choice C is incorrect as the main goal is client care, not skill development. Choice D is incorrect as checking body temperature is not the main purpose of a bed bath.

4. Parenteral penicillin can be administered as an:

A. IM injection or an IV solution
B. IV or an intradermal injection
C. Intradermal or subcutaneous injection
D. IM or a subcutaneous injection

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Penicillin can be administered intramuscularly or intravenously.

5. Which of the following patients is at greatest risk for developing pressure ulcers?

A. An alert chronic arthritic patient treated with steroids and aspirin
B. An 88-year-old incontinent patient with gastric cancer who is confined to bed at home
C. An apathetic 63-year-old COPD patient receiving nasal oxygen via cannula
D. A confused 78-year-old patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) who requires assistance to get out of bed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. An elderly patient who is incontinent, bedridden, and suffering from a serious illness like gastric cancer is at the highest risk for developing pressure ulcers. Being bedridden and incontinent increases the pressure on certain areas of the body, leading to tissue damage and the development of pressure ulcers. Additionally, the patient's age and underlying health condition further contribute to their risk. It is crucial to identify and address such risk factors promptly to prevent the occurrence of pressure ulcers in vulnerable patients.