ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Quizlet
1. A client has a new prescription for Furosemide. Which of the following instructions should be included by the nurse?
- A. Take this medication at bedtime.
- B. Avoid eating foods high in potassium.
- C. Change positions slowly.
- D. Take this medication with meals.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction to include when a client is prescribed Furosemide is to change positions slowly. Furosemide is a diuretic that can lead to orthostatic hypotension, causing dizziness and increasing the risk of falls. By advising the client to change positions slowly, the nurse helps prevent these potential adverse effects.
2. A child with Cystic Fibrosis has a new prescription for Acetylcysteine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions?
- A. Expect this medication to suppress your cough.
- B. Expect this medication to smell like rotten eggs.
- C. Expect this medication to cause euphoria.
- D. Expect this medication to turn your urine orange.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Expect this medication to smell like rotten eggs.' Acetylcysteine contains sulfur, which gives it a characteristic rotten-egg odor. This smell is normal and expected when using this medication. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Acetylcysteine is not used to suppress cough, cause euphoria, or turn urine orange.
3. When caring for a client with a wound infection, which action should the nurse perform first in the plan of care?
- A. Administer antibiotic medication.
- B. Obtain a wound specimen for culture.
- C. Review WBC laboratory findings.
- D. Apply a dressing to the wound.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The priority action when caring for a client with a wound infection is to obtain a wound specimen for culture before initiating antibiotic therapy. This step is crucial to identify the specific microorganism causing the infection, allowing for targeted antibiotic treatment. Reviewing WBC laboratory findings and applying a wound dressing are important steps, but obtaining a wound specimen for culture takes precedence as it guides appropriate antibiotic therapy by identifying the causative organism.
4. A client who is withdrawing from alcohol has been prescribed Propranolol. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Increases the risk for seizure activity.
- B. Provides a form of aversion therapy.
- C. Decreases cravings.
- D. Results in mild hypertension.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct information the nurse should include in the teaching is that Propranolol decreases cravings for alcohol. Propranolol is used as an adjunct medication during alcohol withdrawal to help reduce the desire for alcohol. Choice A is incorrect as Propranolol does not increase the risk for seizure activity; it can actually be used to prevent alcohol withdrawal seizures. Choice B is also incorrect as Propranolol does not provide aversion therapy. Choice D is incorrect as Propranolol is not known to result in mild hypertension.
5. Why has an ACE inhibitor been prescribed following an MI?
- A. “This medication will lower your potassium level.”
- B. “ACE inhibitors have been found to reduce mortality following MI.”
- C. “ACE inhibitors are always prescribed with a beta blocker and calcium channel blocker following an MI.”
- D. “This medication will treat your hypotension.”
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Following a myocardial infarction (MI), ACE inhibitors are commonly prescribed due to their proven benefit in reducing mortality and improving outcomes post-MI. These medications help by decreasing the workload of the heart, preventing remodeling of the heart chambers, and improving survival rates. While ACE inhibitors may have effects on potassium levels, the primary reason for their prescription post-MI is their mortality-reducing properties.
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